Efficacy of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Curcumin in Amelioration the Toxic Effects in Aflatoxicated Rabbits

Abstract

As the first step in this direction; biosynthesis and characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and their use to ameliorate the toxic effects of aflatoxicosis in rabbit in comparison with curcumin were studied. Thirty-five healthy New Zealand rabbits were divided into 5 groups, each including 7 rabbits. Group 1 was kept as negative control without any treatment. Rabbits in the groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 were given AFB 1 orally at a dose of 50 ug dissolved in 0.5 ml of olive oil/ animal daily, for 4 weeks. On day one following the administration of AFB 1 , curcumin was orally administered at a dose of 15 mg/kg b.w. for group 3. While, animals of Group 4, were orally administered AFB1 + ZnO-NPs (25 ug / kg of B.W. of animal /0.2 mL of buffer/day)( low dose). Animals of Group 5, were orally administered aflatoxins + ZnO-NPs (50 ug / kg of B.W. of animal /0.2 mL of buffer/day) ( high dose). The biochemical evaluation of rabbit sera after experimental study showed that AFB 1 increased the concentration of NO and MDA, while decreased the level of GSH and activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-P X . Significant decreased values in plasma total protein, albumin, alpha globulin, beta globulin, and gamma globulin. Decrease in serum globulin in toxin fed group might be due to the adverse effect of aflatoxin B 1 on synthesis of total proteins and globulin. The AFB 1 had a drastic effect on liver and kidneys with marked genotoxic effect and inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. These changes were improved by administration of ZnO-NPs or curcumin to aflatoxicated animal through the immune strengthening effect and protection of lipid and protein from oxidative damage. It is concluded that the addition of ZnO-NPs and curcumin to animal feed possesses hepato-protective effect through scavenging of free radicals, or by enhancing the activity of antioxidant, which then detoxify the free radicals. These factors protect hepatic cells from the damaging effect by AFB 1 that could be progress to hepatocarcinmoa.

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Ameliorate Aluminum Chloride-Induced Hepato-Renal Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rats

“…Zinc was found to ameliorate oxidative stress and glutathione depletion and involved in all processes concerned with cell protection through activation of DNA repair, thus preventing apoptosis and cell proliferation [71]. ZnO NPs act as an effective adjuvant treatment to chemotherapeutic drugs that may cause male reproductive dysfunction [31] and as a hepatic cytoprotective agent against Aflatoxin B1 exposure, when used in low doses, by improving the antioxidant activity, and decreasing the free radicals level [72]. Studies also showed suppressed MDA content by ZnO NPs treatment in a dose-dependent manner, thus reducing oxidative stress [69,35], therefore, protecting cell membrane integrity against oxidative stress damage, and increasing antioxidant enzyme levels [73].…”

Protective effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles against doxorubicin induced testicular toxicity and DNA damage in male rats

“…Moreover, ZnO NPs at low doses have a hepatoprotective effect through the scavenging of free radicals or promotion of antioxidant activities, which detoxify the free radicals. 62 Doxorubicin produces its antitumor effects and toxicity by the formation of intracellular ROS and free radicals which intercalated with DNA and led to subsequent inhibition of topoisomerase. 63 Regarding doxorubicin-induced genotoxicity, the results from the G3 group showed a significant (P ≤ 0.05) increase in DNA-damaging parameters (tail length, DNA tail percentage and tail moment) in sperm cells compared with the control (G1).…”

Curcumin Nanoformulations with Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications

“…A study reported the ameliorative effect of co-administered curcumin and ZnO NPs to the hepatotoxicity caused by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on AFB1-fed rabbits. ZnO and curcumin demonstrated hepatoprotective effect through scavenging free radicals and by enhancing the activities of antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) [ 56 ].…”