Efficacy of levamisole against Ostertagia ostertagi in Louisiana cattle during maturation of inhibited larvae (September) and during minimal inhibition (December/January)

Williams, Justin; Knox, J.W.; Marbury, K.S.; Swalley, R.A.; Eddi, C.

doi:10.1016/0304-4017(91)90084-9

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…(Williams, ), which is the predominant stage in naturally infected cattle during spring (Fernández, Fiel, & Steffan, ). The findings of this study are also consistent with those from a field trial in the United States, in which the overall efficacy of LEV, against all stages of Ostertagia ostertagi , was consistently low when inhibited fourth‐stage larvae were predominant (Williams, Knox, Marbury, Swalley, & Eddi, ). The efficacy of RBZ against Ostertagia spp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Pharmaco‐parasitological evaluation of the ricobendazole plus levamisole nematodicidal combination in cattle

Cantón

Ceballos

Dominguez

et al. 2017

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The goals of the current study were to evaluate the potential pharmacokinetic (PK) interactions and the clinical efficacy occurring after the subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of ricobendazole (RBZ) and levamisole (LEV) given both separately and coadministered to calves naturally infected with susceptible gastrointestinal nematodes.The clinical efficacy was shown in two seasons, winter and spring, with predominance of different nematode populations. Groups of 15 calves were treated with RBZ alone, LEV alone and RBZ + LEV combination, and an untreated group was kept as a Control.RBZ and LEV plasma concentrations were quantified by HPLC. The clinical efficacy was determined by the faecal egg count reduction test. RBZ and LEV have similar plasma persistence, being detected in plasma over 24 hr post-treatment. No PK interactions were observed after the combined treatment, with similar PK parameters (p > .05) obtained for the single-drug and the combination-based strategy. In winter, the observed clinical efficacies were 96%, 99% and 100% for groups treated with RBZ, LEV and RBZ + LEV, respectively; however, in spring, the efficacies were 95%, 93% and 96% for the same groups. Remarkably, the combination was the only treatment that achieved 100% clinical efficacy against both Haemonchus spp and Ostertagia spp in winter; but the increased presence of Ostertagia spp. in spring (28% in untreated group) determined a tendency to reduced efficacies compared to winter time (only 10% of Ostertagia spp. in untreated group), even for the combined treatment. Overall, in a scenario where the nematode population is susceptible, the RBZ + LEV treatment may be a valid combination in cattle to delay the development of resistance, especially in winter when this combination achieved 100% of efficacy. Thus, selection of anthelmintic resistance will never occur. In fact, this is one of the greatest challenges for the whole cattle production system: to be one step ahead of anthelmintic resistance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Pharmaco‐parasitological evaluation of the ricobendazole plus levamisole nematodicidal combination in cattle

Cantón

Ceballos

Dominguez

et al. 2017

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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“…In contrast, levamisole was consistently effective against Cooperia, but it's efficacy against Ostertagia spp. was highly variable and sometimes poor (range 13% -99%, Table 3), a result similar to other studies in New Zealand (Mason and McKay, 2006) and overseas (Anderson and Lord 1979;Williams et al, 1991;Williams and Broussard, 1995;Rendell, 2010). It would appear that levamisole has never shown consistent high efficacy against this parasite and so a definition of resistance in this case is problematic.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

The efficacy and plasma profiles of abamectin plus levamisole combination anthelmintics administered as oral and pour‐on formulations to cattle

Leathwick

Miller

Sauermann

et al. 2016

Veterinary Parasitology

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“…in Ireland is a particular cause for concern. LV has been reported to have poor efficacy against all stages of O. ostertagia [36] and BZ and ML anthelmintics are the most commonly recommended classes to use for the prevention of type II ostertagiosis due to their efficacy against both mature and immature nematodes [37]. The study was carried out in 2017 and 2018 but weather conditions for GIN transmission were more favourable in 2017.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthelmintic resistance among gastrointestinal nematodes of cattle on dairy calf to beef farms in Ireland

et al. 2020

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Background: The control of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) of cattle in pasture-based production systems such as Ireland is highly dependent on the availability of efficacious anthelmintics. There is very little information available on the efficacy of the broad-spectrum anthelmintics against GIN of cattle in Ireland and the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anthelmintic resistance on dairy calf to beef farms. Results: GIN burden was monitored on thirty-six recruited farms by performing herd level faecal egg counts (FEC) every 2 weeks. Of these, nine farms were lost from the study as calves were treated with an anthelmintic for Dictyocaulus viviparus, two were lost as they treated for GIN, one dropped out of the study and on one the herd FEC did not reach the threshold for carrying out the Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT). On the remaining 23 farms, once the herd FEC reached 100 eggs per gram, a FECRT was carried out. Pre and post-treatment larval cultures were also performed to identify the GIN to genus level. The efficacy of fenbendazole, levamisole, ivermectin and moxidectin was evaluated on 15, 11, 16 and 11 farms respectively. Resistance to fenbendazole was identified on 9 farms (60%) with resistance suspected on a further farm. Resistance to levamisole, ivermectin and moxidectin was detected on 2 (18%), 16 (100%) and 8 (73%) farms respectively. The predominant genera detected pre and post-treatment were Cooperia and Ostertagia with both genera detected post-treatment with fenbendazole and ivermectin. Due to the low proportion of Ostertagia spp. pre-treatment, the efficacy of levamisole or moxidectin against this genus could not be reliably established. Conclusions: Anthelmintic resistance was widespread on the sampled dairy calf to beef farms in Ireland with resistance to benzimidazole, levamisole, ivermectin and moxidectin detected.

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Efficacy of levamisole against Ostertagia ostertagi in Louisiana cattle during maturation of inhibited larvae (September) and during minimal inhibition (December/January)

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

Pharmaco‐parasitological evaluation of the ricobendazole plus levamisole nematodicidal combination in cattle

Pharmaco‐parasitological evaluation of the ricobendazole plus levamisole nematodicidal combination in cattle

The efficacy and plasma profiles of abamectin plus levamisole combination anthelmintics administered as oral and pour‐on formulations to cattle

Anthelmintic resistance among gastrointestinal nematodes of cattle on dairy calf to beef farms in Ireland

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