Efficacy of black rice extract on obesity in obese postmenopausal women: a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled preliminary clinical trial

Abstract

Objectives: Postmenopausal obesity is a paramount health concern among older women. Black rice is a well-known pigmented rice variety with a higher anthocyanin content. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the effects of black rice on obesity. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of black rice extract (BRE) on obesity among obese postmenopausal women from Korea. Methods: This was a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled preliminary clinical trial. The participants were postmenopausal women who had stopped menstruating for more than a year. Specifically, 105 participants were randomly assigned to the BRE (1 g/d) or placebo (maltodextrin, 1 g/d) group. Results: Eighty-eight participants completed the study, 47 in the intervention group and 41 in the placebo group. At the study endpoint, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry assessment showed that the BRE group had a significantly lower trunk fat (P = 0.04), total fat (P = 0.04), and total body fat percentage (P = 0.04) than did the placebo group. The body fat percentage (P = 0.04) was lower in the BRE group with marginal significance, and there were no significant differences in anthropometric measures such as weight, body mass index, waist circumference, or waist-to-hip ratio estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Conclusion: BRE supplementation for 12 weeks seems to be effective in reducing fat accumulation in postmenopausal women.

Resistant starch from black rice, Oryza sativaL. var. ameliorates renal inflammation, fibrosis and injury in insulin resistant rats

“…H. Jang et al, 2012). A clinical study in postmenopausal Korean women also demonstrated that treatment with a dosage of 500 mg of BR could reduce the weight of total and visceral fat (Jung et al, 2021). Hepatotoxicity induced by gentamicin was also attenuated by an anthocyanin-rich fraction from riceberry (Arjinajarn et al, 2017).…”

“…Active components including peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPARα), carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT1A), and acyl‐CoA oxidase (ACO) improve hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in HF‐fed mice (Guo et al, 2007, 2012; H. H. Jang et al, 2012). A clinical study in postmenopausal Korean women also demonstrated that treatment with a dosage of 500 mg of BR could reduce the weight of total and visceral fat (Jung et al, 2021). Hepatotoxicity induced by gentamicin was also attenuated by an anthocyanin‐rich fraction from riceberry (Arjinajarn et al, 2017).…”

Effects of anthocyanin supplementation on blood lipid levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The remaining 60 studies underwent double full-text review. Subsequently, 19 studies were excluded: 4 were excluded because of insufficient data presentation ( 56 – 59 ) and 15 were excluded because of inappropriate interventions ( 60 – 74 ). Finally, 41 studies were included in the systematic review.…”

Anthocyanins in Chronic Diseases: The Power of Purple

“…A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials concluded that anthocyanin supplementation of 300 mg/day or less for 4 weeks was sufficient to lower body mass index and body weight, with the greatest decrease in people from the Middle East [ 233 ]. An extract from black rice mainly containing cyanidin 3-glucoside given to 47 obese postmenopausal Korean women for 12 weeks decreased lower trunk fat and total body fat percentage, possibly by reducing body fat accumulation and increasing lipolysis [ 234 ].…”