Effects of anthocyanin supplementation on blood lipid levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

IntroductionDyslipidemia is a major cardiovascular disease risk factor associated with increased mortality. The intake of plant food-derived bioactive compounds is associated with beneficial cardiovascular effects, including decreased blood lipid levels and cardiovascular risk. We aimed to evaluate the effects of anthocyanin intake on blood lipid levels by analyzing relevant randomized controlled trials.MethodsWe searched the PubMed and Embase databases using the “Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes” format to determine whether anthocyanin supplementation intervention affected blood lipid levels compared with placebo supplementation in human participants.ResultsA total of 41 studies with 2,788 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Anthocyanin supplementation significantly reduced triglyceride [standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.18, −0.01) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (SMD = −0.16; 95% CI −0.26, −0.07) levels and increased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels (SMD = 0.42; 95% CI 0.20, 0.65).DiscussionAnthocyanin supplementation significantly improved blood lipid component levels in the included studies. Larger, well-designed clinical trials are needed to further investigate the effects of anthocyanin intake on blood lipid levels and the safety of anthocyanin supplementation for treating dyslipidemia.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021257087, identifier: CRD42021257087.

The Impact of an 8-Week Supplementation with Fermented and Non-Fermented Aronia Berry Pulp on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes

“…It is possible that the high content of anthocyanins, in AE and FAE, prevented increases in blood lipids like those observed after supplementation with placebo. In line with this postulation, a meta-analysis has reported that a supplementation with anthocyanins had a positive effect in individuals with lipidaemia [45,46]. If we assume that no change in blood lipids reflects a lipid lowering effect of aronia, our results are partly corroborated by Simeonov et al and Milutinuvic et al, who found improvements in total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, respectively, after aronia supplementation in subjects with T2D [27,28].…”

Photoperiod-Dependent Effects on Blood Biochemical Markers of Phenolic-Enriched Fruit Extracts

“…In addition, the obtained orange extracts showed relevant levels of flavanones, such as didymin, an antioxidant compound with beneficial effects on cardiovascular health, for instance, by inhibiting lipid peroxidation . Finally, anthocyanins could be involved in the effects of the grape extract, given that there is a correlation between the clinical supplementation of anthocyanins and the reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular risk . Previous studies have reported that the consumption of some whole fruits by healthy animals improved their blood lipid profile.…”

“… 62 Finally, anthocyanins could be involved in the effects of the grape extract, given that there is a correlation between the clinical supplementation of anthocyanins and the reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular risk. 63 Previous studies have reported that the consumption of some whole fruits by healthy animals improved their blood lipid profile. For instance, rats consuming sun-dried apricots for 120 days switched to a hypotriglyceridaemia state and increased blood total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in a sex-dependent manner.…”

Comparative Metabolic Profiling of Different Colored Rice Grains Reveals the Distribution of Major Active Compounds and Key Secondary Metabolites in Green Rice

“…Anthocyanins and proanthocyanins are natural polyphenols with recorded health benefits, e.g., anti-hyperlipidemia, anti-diabetic, cardioprotective, anticancer, etc. [ 10 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. GR exhibited the highest relative content of vitamins (B6, B3, B1, nicotinamide, and isonicotinic acid), lipids, amino acids and derivatives, alkaloids, and organic acids, indicating it may be an excellent source of essential nutrients and essential oils.…”