Effects of Zinc and Selenium Supplementation on Thyroid Function in Overweight and Obese Hypothyroid Female Patients: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial

Mahmoodianfard, Salma; Vafa, Mohammadreza; Golgiri, Fatemeh; Khoshniat, Mohsen; Gohari, Mahmoodreza; Solati, Zahra; Djalali, Mahmood

doi:10.1080/07315724.2014.926161

Cited by 54 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…72 A recent study demonstrated that 12 weeks of 30 mg zinc supplementation alone or in combination with selenium in overweight or obese female hypothyroid patients significantly increased FT3 levels, and increased the FT3:FT4 ratio. 83 These findings confirm zinc's integral role in T4 to T3 conversion. Interestingly, serum zinc levels did not change throughout the study, consistent with previous studies, 84 suggesting zinc concentrations remain in a normal range during sub-clinical deficiency.…”

Section: Zincsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…The role of zinc in the body is remarkably complex, and its impact on thyroid function includes thyroid hormone production, T4 to T3 conversion, and T3 receptor function. 83 Zinc deficiency has been shown to decrease thyroid hormone availability, with correction of hormone levels noted with zinc supplementation. 72 A recent study demonstrated that 12 weeks of 30 mg zinc supplementation alone or in combination with selenium in overweight or obese female hypothyroid patients significantly increased FT3 levels, and increased the FT3:FT4 ratio.…”

Section: Zincmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, serum zinc levels did not change throughout the study, consistent with previous studies, 84 suggesting zinc concentrations remain in a normal range during sub-clinical deficiency. 83 At initiation of the study, participants did not have baseline zinc levels in the deficiency range. 83…”

Section: Zincmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extra-Thyroidal Factors Impacting Thyroid Hormone Homeostasis: A Review

McGregor¹

2015

j restorat med

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Peripheral metabolism plays a significant role in maintaining thyroid hormone expression in local tissues. The thyroid secretes thyroxine (T4) at substantially greater levels than triiodothyronine (T3), relying on peripheral mechanisms to convert T4 to T3. Peripheral control is exerted through a number of pathways. These pathways include deiodination, facilitated by deiodinase enzymes, as well as conjugation and lipid peroxidation. Factors influencing any or all of the peripherally active pathways continue to be explored and may help explain why many patients continue to experience symptoms consistent with hypothyroidism, including low body temperature, even when their thyroid blood tests are normal. These factors include liver and kidney function as well as seasonal changes. Although nonthyroidal illness syndrome was originally defined as a condition occurring without direct thyroid function impact, there is evidence that the thyroid itself may alter T3 and T4 during illness via modified gene regulation in the presence of proinflammatory cytokines. There are also a number of lifestyle behaviors, including fasting, alcohol dependence, and smoking that have been shown to affect peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones. Zinc affects both the synthesis and mode of action of action of thyroid hormones. For example, thyroid transcription factors, which are essential for modulation of gene expression, contain zinc at cysteine residues. Selenium is required for the selenocysteine moieties that confer the function of the deiodinase enzymes. Selenium supplementation has been shown to reduce anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis. Selenium has been shown to increase the level of glutathione peroxidase, which contains selenocysteine. Both Withania somnifera and Commiphora mukul have been shown to improve hypothyroidism by elevating T3 levels and increasing T3:T4 ratios through peripheral metabolic pathways.

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Section: Zincsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Zincmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extra-Thyroidal Factors Impacting Thyroid Hormone Homeostasis: A Review

McGregor¹

2015

j restorat med

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“…Selenoproteinler, tiroid hormon biyosentezine ve metabolizmasına, antioksidan savunma sisteminin kontrolüne katkı sağlamaktadır. 8 Çinko, tiroid hormonları dahil olmak üzere birçok hormon ve enerji metabolizmasında rol oynayan birçok enzimin aktivitesi için gerekli olan temel eser elementlerden biridir. Çinkonun organizmadaki rolü karmaşıktır, tiroid hormonlarının hem sentezini hem de çalışmasını etkilemektedir.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Çinkonun organizmadaki rolü karmaşıktır, tiroid hormonlarının hem sentezini hem de çalışmasını etkilemektedir. 8,10 Zn ve tiroid metabolizması arasındaki ilişki T3 reseptörlerinin nükleer Zn-bağlayıcı proteinler içerdiği hipotezine dayanır. Çinko, tiroid hormonlarının ve ilgili reseptörlerin biyolojik işlevi için gereklidir.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Hashimoto Tiroiditli Hastalarda Bakır, Demir, Çinko, Selenyum Düzeyleri ve Cu/Se, Cu/Zn, Fe/Se, Fe/Zn Oranlarının Araştırılması

Cinemre¹,

Bahtiyar²,

Ertan³

et al. 2018

Sakarya Medical Journal

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Beneficial effects of Se/Zn co‐supplementation on body weight and adipose tissue inflammation in high‐fat diet‐induced obese rats

Hasani

Saidpour

Irandoost

et al. 2021

Food Science & Nutrition

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This research investigated the effect of co‐supplementation of selenium with zinc on weight control and the inflammatory and oxidative status in relation to obesity. Male Wistar rats (N = 32) were randomly divided into four groups after induction of obesity model: 1) “Zn” was supplemented with zinc sulfate (15 mg/kg BW), 2) “Se” supplemented with selenium as sodium selenate (0.5 mg/kg BW), 3) “Zn + Se” which received Zn (15 mg/kg BW) + Se (0.5 mg/kg BW), and 4) “HFD” as the control group. The intervention was done for eight weeks. At the end of treatment, serum and tissue level of Zn, Se, SOD, GSH‐Px, MDA, leptin, TNF‐α, and IL‐6 was evaluated. Weight and food intake were significantly reduced in the Se group(p < .001), while in the Zn group, weight gain due to obesity was prevented compared to the control group (p = .48). There was a significant and stronger increase in SOD, GSH‐Px levels and a remarkable decrease in MDA, leptin, TNF‐α, and IL‐6 in the group receiving the combination of two supplements than either alone(p < .001). Leptin had a positive correlation with inflammatory factors and lipid peroxidation marker and showed an inverse relationship with Zn and Se levels and anti‐oxidative enzymes(p < .05). The analysis showed the mediating role of leptin in the effects of zinc. Co‐supplementation of selenium and zinc may have a synergistic effect in reduction of oxidative and inflammatory markers. Regarding the effect of zinc on inflammatory factors and lipid peroxidation, leptin can play a mediating role.

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Effects of Zinc and Selenium Supplementation on Thyroid Function in Overweight and Obese Hypothyroid Female Patients: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial

Abstract: This study showed some evidence of an effect of Zn alone or in combination with Se on thyroid function of overweight or obese female hypothyroid patients.

Cited by 54 publications

References 49 publications

Extra-Thyroidal Factors Impacting Thyroid Hormone Homeostasis: A Review

Extra-Thyroidal Factors Impacting Thyroid Hormone Homeostasis: A Review

Hashimoto Tiroiditli Hastalarda Bakır, Demir, Çinko, Selenyum Düzeyleri ve Cu/Se, Cu/Zn, Fe/Se, Fe/Zn Oranlarının Araştırılması

Beneficial effects of Se/Zn co‐supplementation on body weight and adipose tissue inflammation in high‐fat diet‐induced obese rats

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