Effects of Vitamin K on Bone Mass and Bone Metabolism

Vermeer, Cees; Gijsbers, Birgit L. M. G.; Crăciun, Alexandra; Dooren, M.M.C.L Groenen-van; Knapen, Marjo H. J.

doi:10.1093/jn/126.suppl_4.1187s

Cited by 81 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Vitamin K interferes with bone quality through its action on the osteocalcin carboxylation, improving the protein-hydroxyapatite bound capacity (Vermeer et al, 1996) Some studies (Binkey et al, 1995;Vermeer et al, 1996;Booth, 1997) have also reported a modulating effect of carboxylated osteocalcin on bone matrix mineralization.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vermeer et al (1996) reported that vitamin K is involved in blood coagulation and bone metabolism via carboxylation reaction in which glutamic acid residues (GLA) transform the g-carboxyglutamic glutamatic acid into blood coagulation factors and bone proteins (osteocalcin, matrix GLA protein, and S protein). Osteocalcin is a low-weight molecular protein with three GLA residues produced by osteoblasts during bone matrix formation (Mijares et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of vitamin K on bone integrity and eggshell quality of white hen at the final phase of the laying cycle

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-The effect of four levels of dietary vitamin K (vit. K) on production, egg quality and bone structure of laying hens near the end of the production cycle were studied. A total of 192 Hy-Line, W-36 hens, 67 weeks of age, were distributed into a completely randomized design with four treatments (0, 2, 8, 32 mg vit. K/kg of diet), six replicates and eight birds per experimental unit. Corn-soybean-meal basal diets were isonitrogenous (15.5% crude protein), isoenergetic (2,790 kcal ME/kg), isocalcium (4.25% Ca) and isophosphorus (0.40% available P). Vitamin K supplementation did not alter egg mass, feed intake, feed conversion (kg/kg), bone breaking strength, specific egg gravity, eggshell weight, thickness and percentage of thin and cracked shell. A linear effect on egg weight, laying percent, and feed conversion (kg/dozen) was observed, as well as a quadratic effect on the ash bone content. In conclusion, the inclusion of increasing levels of vitamin K to the diet influenced performance and bone mineralization, but not eggshell quality. The lack of consistency in the efficiency of supplemental vitamin K on eggshell quality may be due to the age of hens.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of vitamin K on bone integrity and eggshell quality of white hen at the final phase of the laying cycle

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In adults, an increase in serum Glu-OC was demonstrated to increase the risk of bone fracture (9,10). Some investigators have reported that adult patients with hip fractures or spinal crush fractures had very low concentrations of circulating PK and MK (11,12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Shift of Serum Osteocalcin Components between Cord Blood and Blood at Day 5 of Life

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vitamin K deficiency is a relatively common condition in neonates. However, the role of vitamin K in neonatal bone metabolism remains to be determined. Osteocalcin (OC) is the most abundant noncollagenous protein in bone, and is regulated to be ␥-carboxylated by vitamin K. In this study, we measured ␥-carboxylated osteocalcin (Gla-OC) and non-or undercarboxylated osteocalcin (Glu-OC) separately, and examined the effects of vitamin K on osteocalcin metabolism. Eighteen full-term healthy neonates were enrolled in this study. In the cord and d-5 blood samples, the OC levels were determined by three different methods to examine the intact OC by immunoradiometric assay (IRMA), Gla-OC, and Glu-OC. Serum vitamin K fractions, hepaplastin test, and type 1 procollagen carboxyl extension peptide were also determined. Urine samples were also collected from the first voiding and on d 5 to determine urinary pyridinoline, deoxypyridinoline, and ␥-carboxylated glutamic acid. Serum levels of phylloquinone (PK) and menaquinone (MK)-4 increased on d 5 following vitamin K administration and increased intake in breast milk and/or formula. The OC levels determined by IRMA did not change between cord and d-5 blood samples, but the Gla-OC level increased remarkably and Glu-OC reduced to a negligible level. OC in cord blood is mainly Glu-OC, and Glu-OC is replaced with Gla-OC within 5 d of life after vitamin K supplement. The IRMA assay fails to distinguish Gla-OC from Glu-OC and caution is needed to estimate bone turnover with this method in the perinatal period. Natural vitamin K is composed of PK and MK. MK is further divided according to the length of its side chain. The main circulating vitamin K in human serum is PK and MK-7 (1). Vitamin K acts as a co-factor for ␥-carboxylase, known as a key enzyme for producing competent coagulation factors in the liver. Its deficiency is a relatively common condition in neonates and has long been a major cause of serious bleeding diseases in newborn babies. Neonatal vitamin K deficiency may be attributed to the following causes: the human placenta has a limited capacity to transfer vitamin K (2); and maternal breast milk contains a low level of vitamin K, especially in the early phase of lactation (3). Based on these facts, prophylactic administration of vitamin K to newborns has been recommended in many countries, though dosages and schedules of supplement differ among those countries. A number of studies have reported that vitamin K supplementation successfully decreased the incidence of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage and melena (4 -6).Another important substrate of ␥-carboxylase is OC, produced in osteoblasts. OC is the most abundant noncollagenous protein in bone, containing 49 amino acid residues. It is often used as a marker of osteoblastic activity and bone formation (7). OC has an affinity with calcium hydroxyapatite but does not bind to it until the OC becomes ␥-carboxylated in the osteoblasts (8). Vitamin K is essential for the ␥-carboxylation in three glutamate residues of the OC p...

show abstract

“…The dietary necessity and physiological roles of vita min K are fairly well established for mammals (1) and its importance in bone health has recently been a focus for research (2). However, it is still not clear whether di etary supplementation of this vitamin is indispensable for the growth of fish because contradictory results have been reported between fish species (3)(4)(5)(6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Content of Phylloquinone and Menaquinone in the Tissues of Mummichog Fundulus heteroclitus Fed Diets Containing Different Forms of Vitamin K.

Udagawa¹,

Murai

2001

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryThe contents of vitamin K in the plasma and tissues (kidney, liver and gonad) of mummichog Fundulus heteroclitus fed diets supplemented with different vitamin K groups were determined. The vitamin K mainly detected in the gastrointestinal tract of each experi mental group was the one supplemented in the respective diet, and all other forms of vita min K were observed at low concentrations. This implies that the main vitamin K source for mummichog is their food. Further evidence that the main vitamin K source is the food is that the elevation of vitamin K concentrations in the plasma and other tissues in this experi ment was brought about by vitamin K added to the feed. The phylloquinone-rich diet raised the phylloquinone concentration in the plasma and the tissues much higher than the diets supplemented with short and/or long chain menaquinones.This indicates that phylloqui none is more easily accumulated into the body of fish than the menaquinone homologues. There were apparent differences in absorption and deposition of vitamin K between females and males. This may be a factor in the high mortality in male mummichog during the spawning season but further clarification of the causes of the mortality is required.

show abstract

Effects of Vitamin K on Bone Mass and Bone Metabolism

Cited by 81 publications

References 33 publications

Effect of vitamin K on bone integrity and eggshell quality of white hen at the final phase of the laying cycle

Effect of vitamin K on bone integrity and eggshell quality of white hen at the final phase of the laying cycle

Shift of Serum Osteocalcin Components between Cord Blood and Blood at Day 5 of Life

Content of Phylloquinone and Menaquinone in the Tissues of Mummichog Fundulus heteroclitus Fed Diets Containing Different Forms of Vitamin K.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About