Effects of urea formulations, application rates and crop residue retention on N2O emissions from sugarcane fields in Australia

Wang, Weijin; Reeves, Steven; Salter, B; Moody, P. W.; Dalal, Ram C.

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2015.09.035

Cited by 63 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…() and Wang et al . () at N fertilizer rates close to 100 kg/ha. These authors estimated annual emissions ranging from 2870 to 3930 g N 2 O‐N/ha and EFs for fertilizers from 1.06 to 1.19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…() and Wang et al . (), among others, have used the emissions from non‐fertilized areas as background emissions to calculate the fertilizer EF. However, only 20% of the area of sugarcane fields receives fertilizer and, as illustrated in Figure , the unfertilized areas (unfertilized bands and mid‐rows) represented an important source of N 2 O.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Straw preservation reduced total N₂O emissions from a sugarcane field

Pitombo

Cantarella

Packer

et al. 2017

Soil Use and Management

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Post‐harvest biomass can be used as feedstock for energy production and alter N2O emissions from the soil, which is among the main issues determining bioethanol sustainability. To assess the effects of sugarcane straw return on gas emissions, we established a field experiment in which 0, 50, 75 or 100% (0, 5.65, 8.47 and 11.30 Mg/ha dry biomass, respectively) of the crop residues (straw) was left in the field during the first two ratoon crops. As fertilizer is applied in bands to sugarcane, we also investigated the contribution of different positions to the N2O emissions within the field. There was an interactive effect between straw and inorganic fertilizer, leading to a nonlinear effect of crop residues on the fertilizer emission factor (EF). However, straw consistently reduced N2O emissions from the field, acting mainly in the unfertilized areas in the field (P < 0.05). We observed that considering the typical EF used in the literature, the N2O‐N emissions attributed to fertilizer ranged from 0.19 to 0.79 kg/ha, while the total emissions ranged from 3.3 to 5.2 kg/ha, from the highest amount of straw to the lowest. We conclude that overall, the fertilizer EF is not as relevant as the total emissions, based on this and other studies. Consequently, management practices might be more effective in improving the GHG balance than changing inorganic fertilizer use. We conclude that keeping up to 11 Mg/ha of straw with a large C:N ratio (>100:1) on site might increase sugarcane production sustainability by reducing the greenhouse gas emissions from the field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Straw preservation reduced total N₂O emissions from a sugarcane field

Pitombo

Cantarella

Packer

et al. 2017

Soil Use and Management

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“…However, other reports have found that the role of intermittent irrigation could be not obvious, compared to flooding irrigation [19]. The effects of different irrigation regimes on crop production and gas fluxes may diverge from various practices or exhaust gas emissions for the same practice in different regions [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Gas was sent to the lab of Northeast Institution of Geography and Agro-ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The contents of gases were subsequently tested with a gas chromatograph (GC, Agilent 7820A, Santa Clara, CA, USA) [22]. …”

Section: Emissions Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Irrigation Regime and Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on CH4, N2O and CO2 Emissions from Saline–Alkaline Paddy Fields in Northeast China

Tang

Wang

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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Irrigation regime and fertilizer nitrogen (N) are considered as the most effective agricultural management systems to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from crop fields, but few studies have involved saline-alkaline paddy soil. Gas emitted from saline-alkaline paddy fields (1-year-old and 57-year-old) was collected during rice growing seasons by the closed chamber method. Compared to continuous flooding irrigation, lower average CH 4 flux (by 22.81% and 23.62%), but higher CO 2 flux (by 24.84% and 32.39%) was observed from intermittent irrigation fields. No significant differences of N 2 O flux were detected. Application rates of N fertilizer were as follows: (1) No N (N0); (2) 60 kg ha −1 (N60); (3) 150 kg ha −1 (N150); and (4) 250 kg ha −1 (N250). The cumulative emissions of GHG and N fertilizer additions have positive correlation, and the largest emission was detected at the rate of 250 kg N ha −1 (N250). Global warming potential (GWP, CH 4 + N 2 O + CO 2 ) of the 57-year-old field under the N250 treatment was up to 4549 ± 296 g CO 2 -eq m −2 , approximately 1.5-fold that of N0 (no N application). In summary, the results suggest that intermittent irrigation would be a better regime to weaken the combined GWP of CH 4 and N 2 O, but N fertilizer contributed positively to the GWP.

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“…Moreover, the use of enhanced efficiency fertilisers, like polymer coated urea or nitrification inhibitor coated urea (e.g. Wang et al, 2016b) has been shown to decrease N2O emissions from soils. When soils are fertilised with manure, changes in animal diets can also be an effective mitigation strategy (e.g.…”

Section: Mitigation Options For N2o Emissions From Agricultural Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of soil amendments on greenhouse gas emissions from subtropical soils

Westermann¹

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The concentration of the potent greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) in the Earth's atmosphere is increasing. The main reason is agricultural activity, especially the application of nitrogenous fertilisers and animal manures to soils. In tropical and subtropical climates, N2O emissions from fertilised soils can be particularly high, however, there is considerable uncertainty in N2O estimates as data coverage is poor. The research presented here aimed to close this knowledge gap and investigate strategies for abating N2O emissions from agricultural soils. This thesis focused on animal manures because (i) intensive livestock production is expanding in tropical and subtropical regions, and (ii) manures from intensive animal production are increasingly considered as alternative nutrient sources for crops. N2O mitigation strategies were evaluated by amending soils with geological or plant-derived materials that have shown potential to decrease N2O emissions from agricultural soil in previous research but have not been studied extensively. Experiments across different spatial scales (microcosm to field) have been conducted to investigate the transferability of observed effects.In the first study (Chapter 3), manures were applied to the soil surface as a simulation of no-till farming practice using microcosm systems. It was hypothesised that adding bentonite, a clay with ion adsorption capacity, would decrease N2O emissions from manures. Blends of bentonite with beef, pig or poultry layer manure were applied to three different soils from South East Queensland and N2O fluxes were quantified over three weeks. Contrary to expectations, blending bentonite with manures tended to increase N2O emissions. This observation was interpreted as the combined effect of increased moisture content at the soil surface caused by the strong water binding capacity of bentonite and decreased oxygen concentrations in the soil due to restricted gas exchange. In the following studies, bentonite was therefore incorporated into the soil rather than applied to the surface.The second study (Chapter 4) examined the effect of bentonite, biochar or green waste compost additions on N2O emissions from poultry litter at a commercial sugarcane farm. Sugarcane was chosen because it is a major crop in Queensland and globally and N2O emissions from sugarcane soils can be high. Poultry litter and blends of poultry litter were applied subsurface along sugarcane rows. Over ten months, fluxes of N2O, and also CO2 and CH4 were quantified with static chambers.The early phase of the field experiment was simulated in a parallel laboratory experiment. Biochar addition to poultry litter decreased N2O emission in the field (-36%) and in the laboratory (-18%) compared to poultry litter only application. Bentonite addition decreased N2O emissions from poultry litter in the field (-16%) but increased N2O emissions in the laboratory (+8%). Differences in soil aeration caused by bentonite's swelling-shrinking characteristics are the likely cause for 3 these opposite...

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Effects of urea formulations, application rates and crop residue retention on N2O emissions from sugarcane fields in Australia

Cited by 63 publications

References 31 publications

Straw preservation reduced total N₂O emissions from a sugarcane field

Straw preservation reduced total N₂O emissions from a sugarcane field

Effects of Irrigation Regime and Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on CH4, N2O and CO2 Emissions from Saline–Alkaline Paddy Fields in Northeast China

Effect of soil amendments on greenhouse gas emissions from subtropical soils

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Effects of urea formulations, application rates and crop residue retention on N2O emissions from sugarcane fields in Australia

Cited by 63 publications

References 31 publications

Straw preservation reduced total N2O emissions from a sugarcane field

Straw preservation reduced total N2O emissions from a sugarcane field

Effects of Irrigation Regime and Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on CH4, N2O and CO2 Emissions from Saline–Alkaline Paddy Fields in Northeast China

Effect of soil amendments on greenhouse gas emissions from subtropical soils

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Straw preservation reduced total N₂O emissions from a sugarcane field

Straw preservation reduced total N₂O emissions from a sugarcane field