Effects of twinning on dystocia, calf survival, calf growth, carcass traits, and cow productivity.

Gregory, K. E.; Echternkamp, S. E.; Cundiff, L. V.

doi:10.2527/1996.7461223x

Cited by 86 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Calving performance Singleton calves have been shown to be 10% heavier at birth than their twin counterparts (Gregory et al, 1990;Holland and Odde, 1992) and have greater growth rates pre-weaning (Hallford et al, 1976;Gregory et al, 1996;Echternkamp and Gregory, 2002). This was reflected in the greater price paid for singletons and the difference between price paid for singletons and twins was greatest when sold as calves and weanlings.…”

Section: Seasonal Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with selling price of cattle at livestock marts

Hugh

Fahey

Evans

et al. 2010

Animal

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The objective of this study was to determine the factors associated with selling price of animals at livestock marts around Ireland. Data consisted of four distinct maturity categories: calves (2 to 84 days of age, n 5 53 838); weanlings (6 to 12 months of age, n 5 19 972); post-weanlings (12 to 36 months of age, n 5 93 081) and cows (.30 months to 12 years of age, n 5 94 839); sold through livestock marts between 2000 and 2008. Factors associated with animal price were determined within each maturity category separately using mixed models; random effects were mart, date of sale nested within mart, and herd of origin nested within year of sale. Mean selling price was h157, h580, h655 and h592 for calves, weanlings, post-weanlings and cows, respectively. The greatest prices were paid for singleton crossbred male calves, weanlings and post-weanlings from older dams. With the exception of the Aberdeen Angus, beef breeds and their crosses consistently received higher prices than their dairy counterparts across all four maturity categories; increased proportion of Belgian Blue and Charolais was associated with greater prices compared with other beef breeds. When live-weight was included in the multiple regression models the association between price and all factors regressed toward zero but most factors remained associated with price. The highest price was recorded in the spring months for calves, post-weanlings and cows, and in the autumn months for weanlings. Results from this study may be used to help farmers make more informed management decisions, as well as provide information for bio-economic models for evaluating alternative production systems or estimating economic values.

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Section: Seasonal Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with selling price of cattle at livestock marts

Hugh

Fahey

Evans

et al. 2010

Animal

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“…Similarly, effects of variable nutrition during mid-and/or late pregnancy on weight at birth were overcome by adequate nutrition post partum, resulting in no difference in body weight at 58 days of age (Freetly et al, 2000). While twin cattle are lighter at birth and grow more slowly on their dams to weaning (Hennessy and Wilkins, 1997), they may grow more slowly (Gregory et al, 1996), at a similar rate (De Rose and Wilton, 1991) or more rapidly Clarke et al, 1994;Hennessy and Wilkins, 1997) post-weaning than singletons, depending on the rearing system and subsequent nutritional regimen.…”

Section: --mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research on twin cattle has also demonstrated that, despite significantly lower birth weights and reduced preweaning growth, compositional differences at equivalent slaughter weights or ages are small and not significant, with twins generally having similar or leaner carcasses than singletons (De Rose and Wilton, 1991;Wilkins et al, 1994;Clarke et al, 1994;Gregory et al, 1996). Tables 1 and 2 is due to the number of cohorts studied (three cohorts in Table 1 v. two cohorts in Table 2) and the duration of the measurement period (average of 117 days in Table 1 v. 70 days in Table 2).…”

Section: --mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal and pre-weaning growth and nutrition of cattle: long-term consequences for beef production

Greenwood

Café

2007

Animal

147

113

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Severe, chronic growth retardation of cattle early in life reduces growth potential, resulting in smaller animals at any given age. Capacity for long-term compensatory growth diminishes as the age of onset of nutritional restriction resulting in prolonged growth retardation declines. Hence, more extreme intrauterine growth retardation can result in slower growth throughout postnatal life. However, within the limits of beef production systems, neither severely restricted growth in utero nor from birth to weaning influences efficiency of nutrient utilisation later in life. Retail yield from cattle severely restricted in growth during pregnancy or from birth to weaning is reduced compared with cattle well grown early in life, when compared at the same age later in life. However, retail yield and carcass composition of low-and high-birth-weight calves are similar at the same carcass weight. At equivalent carcass weights, cattle grown slowly from birth to weaning have carcasses of similar or leaner composition than those grown rapidly. However, if high energy, concentrate feed is provided following severe growth restriction from birth to weaning, then at equivalent weights post-weaning the slowly-grown, small weaners may be fatter than their well-grown counterparts. Restricted prenatal and pre-weaning nutrition and growth do not adversely affect measures of beef quality. Similarly, bovine myofibre characteristics are little affected in the long term by growth in utero or from birth to weaning. Interactions were not evident between prenatal and pre-weaning growth for subsequent growth, efficiency, carcass, yield and beef-quality characteristics, within our pasture-based production systems. Furthermore, interactions between genotype and nutrition early in life, studied using offspring of Piedmontese and Wagyu sired cattle, were not evident for any growth, efficiency, carcass, yield and beef-quality parameters. We propose that within pasture-based production systems for beef cattle, the plasticity of the carcass tissues, particularly of muscle, allows animals that are growth-retarded early in life to attain normal composition at equivalent weights in the long term, albeit at older ages. However, the quality of nutrition during recovery from early life growth retardation may be important in determining the subsequent composition of young, light-weight cattle relative to their heavier counterparts. Finally, it should be emphasised that long-term consequences of more specific and/or acute environmental influences during specific stages of embryonic, foetal and neonatal calf development remain to be determined. This need for further research extends to consequences of nutrition and growth early in life for reproductive capacity.

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“…Vaginal length of only 8-10 cm, the absence of a cervix (15), and occasionally an enlarged clitoris (16) such that urine may spurt upward when the animal urinates (17) are the consistent clinical finding in the mature freemartin. In the present case, the hormonal status of the prepubertal heifer was not suitable to decide whether the heifer was fertile.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The treatment of congenitally developed fused vulva labia in a Brown-Swiss heifer

Selçuk¹

2014

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

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A series of 3-[(4-substitutedpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]-1H -indole derivatives were synthesized, and their structures were confirmed by spectral analysis. All the compounds were tested for their cytotoxic activity in vitro against 3 human tumor cell lines: human liver (HUH7), breast (MCF7), and colon (HCT116). Among the designed derivatives, most of the compounds showed significant cytotoxicity against liver and colon cancer cell lines with lower IC 50 concentrations than the standard drug 5-fluorouracil. Compound 3s, with 3,4-dichlorophenyl substituent on the piperazine ring, was the most active in suppressing the growth of all screened cancer cells.

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Effects of twinning on dystocia, calf survival, calf growth, carcass traits, and cow productivity.

Cited by 86 publications

References 9 publications

Factors associated with selling price of cattle at livestock marts

Factors associated with selling price of cattle at livestock marts

Prenatal and pre-weaning growth and nutrition of cattle: long-term consequences for beef production

The treatment of congenitally developed fused vulva labia in a Brown-Swiss heifer

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