Effects of triclosan and triclocarban on the growth inhibition, cell viability, genotoxicity and multixenobiotic resistance responses of Tetrahymena thermophila

Gao, Li; Yuan, Tao; Cheng, Peng; Bai, Qiang; Zhou, Chuanqing; Ao, Junjie; Wang, Wenhua; Zhang, Haimou

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.07.059

Cited by 68 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The genetic damage accrued in the hemocytes was significant at all three concentrations of TCS and followed a concentration-dependent and time-dependent pattern. The genotoxicity of TCS has also been evaluated using the comet assay in Artemia salina [ 39 ], Tetrahymena thermophila thermophile [ 15 ], and the algal species Closterium ehrenbergii [ 8 ]. Exposure of Artemia salina to 171.1 µ g/l TCS for 96 h resulted in a significant increase in genotoxic biomarkers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of triclosan on acute toxicity, genetic toxicity and oxidative stress in goldfish (<i>Carassius auratus</i>)

Wang

Zheng

et al. 2018

Exp. Anim.

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Triclosan (TCS) is used as an antimicrobial agent and has been widely dispersed and detected in the aquatic environment. However, it remains uncertain whether TCS is genotoxic or not. In this study, the acute toxicity of TCS in goldfish ( Carassius auratus ) was studied. Then, based on the results for acute toxicity, other goldfish were exposed to various concentrations of TCS (control, DMSO control, and 1/4, 1/2, and 1/8 LC 50 ) for 14 days, and the effects on genetic toxicity were evaluated using micronucleus (MN) and nuclear abnormalities (NA) frequencies in peripheral blood and the comet assay in the liver of the goldfish. In addition, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the liver were assayed to evaluate oxidative stress and the possible mechanism of genotoxicity. The 96 h median lethal concentration of TCS was 1111.9 µ g/l. After 14 days of exposure, the MN and NA frequencies were significantly increased in peripheral blood of the TCS-treated groups compared with the solvent control, and the comet tail moment and MDA in the liver in the highest dose of TCS groups were also significantly high. Meanwhile, an evident change in GSH, CAT, and T-AOC of the liver was found as the TCS exposure concentration increased. The results showed that TCS caused oxidative stress and a genotoxic response in goldfish, suggesting that it presents a potential ecotoxicological risk to aquatic ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of triclosan on acute toxicity, genetic toxicity and oxidative stress in goldfish (<i>Carassius auratus</i>)

Wang

Zheng

et al. 2018

Exp. Anim.

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“…In recent years, biocides have been frequently detected in the surface water and sediment [8,9] and the biosolid-amended soils [10,11], and the maximum concentration were up to the order of magnitude of μg/L [12,13] and μg/g, dry weight (dw) [14,15], respectively. The high concentration levels of biocides present in the receiving environment can cause some adverse effects to many organisms, and even human beings [16], such as general toxicity [17,18], bioaccumulation [19,20] and endocrine disrupting effects [21,22]. Therefore, it is essential to understand the removal of various biocides in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and their emissions into the receiving environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocides in wastewater treatment plants: Mass balance analysis and pollution load estimation

Liu

Yang

Liu

et al. 2017

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and removal of 19 biocides in ten different wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), then estimate the usages and emissions per capita of 19 biocides based on mass balance analysis approach. The results showed that target biocides were universally detected in the WWTPs and their receiving rivers, and 19 for liquid samples and 18 for solid samples. The prominent compound for liquid was DEET (N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide), with its maximum concentration of 393ng/L in influent; while that for solid was triclocarban with its maximum concentration of 2.11×10ng/g in anaerobic sludge. Most biocides were readily removed from the liquid phase of ten WWTPs, and the mean removal rate to ∑19 biocides was up to 75%. The removals of target biocides were attributed to biodegradation and adsorption onto activated sludge. The mean input per capita for ∑19 biocides based on influent was 907μg/d/person, while the emissions per capita were 187μg/d/person for effluent, and 121μg/d/person for excess sludge. As demonstrated, the biocides contamination of the receiving rivers could pose potential ecological risks for aquatic organisms. Therefore, advanced wastewater treatment technologies should be developed to reduce the emission of biocides into the receiving environment.

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“…In zebrafish embryos, TCC could stimulate the expression of AroB, which is a known estrogen target gene, and TCC's effects could be enhanced by exogenous estrogen . TCC was also reported to have adverse effects on reproduction and to cause genotoxicity at environmentally relevant concentrations . Early‐life exposure to environmental chemicals during key developmental periods is associated with latent health effects, while little information is available about the developmental toxicity of TCC in vivo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental toxicity of triclocarban in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos

Shi

Zhuang

et al. 2019

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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Triclocarban (TCC), which is used as an antimicrobial agent in personal care products, has been widely detected in aquatic ecosystems. However, the consequence of TCC exposure on embryo development is still elusive. Here, by using zebrafish embryos, we aimed to understand the developmental defects caused by TCC exposure. After exposure to 0.3, 30, and 300 μg/L TCC from 4-hour postfertilization (hpf) to 120 hpf, we observed that TCC exposure significantly increased the mortality and malformation, delayed hatching, and reduced body length. Exposure to TCC also affected the heart rate and expressions of cardiac development-related genes in zebrafish embryos. In addition, TCC exposure altered the expressions of the genes involved in hormonal pathways, indicating its endocrine disrupting effects. In sum, our data highlight the impact of TCC on embryo development and its interference with the hormone system of zebrafish.

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Effects of triclosan and triclocarban on the growth inhibition, cell viability, genotoxicity and multixenobiotic resistance responses of Tetrahymena thermophila

Cited by 68 publications

References 50 publications

Effects of triclosan on acute toxicity, genetic toxicity and oxidative stress in goldfish (<i>Carassius auratus</i>)

Effects of triclosan on acute toxicity, genetic toxicity and oxidative stress in goldfish (<i>Carassius auratus</i>)

Biocides in wastewater treatment plants: Mass balance analysis and pollution load estimation

Developmental toxicity of triclocarban in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos

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