Effects of triclosan on acute toxicity, genetic toxicity and oxidative stress in goldfish (&lt;i&gt;Carassius auratus&lt;/i&gt;)

Wang, Fan; Xu, Rui-Jie; Zheng, Fang; Liu, Haifang

doi:10.1538/expanim.17-0101

Cited by 47 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…More recently, our previous study also confirmed that TCS could increase the antioxidant enzyme of CAT and the GSH contents and that it even induced excessive ROS production and DNA damage in the liver of goldfish after 14 d of exposure. These findings suggest that subchronic TCS concentrations can lead to oxidative damage in goldfish (Carassius auratus) [43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Effects of triclosan on antioxidant- and apoptosis-related genes expression in the gill and ovary of zebrafish

2020

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Triclosan (TCS) is a broad-spectrum antibacterial and anti-fungal agent used in a broad variety of personal care products (PCPs) throughout the world. However, the molecular mechanism of TCS's effects on the gill and ovary of fish is not clear. In this study, the effects of TCS exposure on expression of antioxidant-and apoptosis-related genes were investigated in the gill and ovary of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Zebrafish were exposed to 0, 17, 34, or 68 µg/l TCS for 42 days. Antioxidant-related genes (SOD, GPx1a, CAT, sMT-B, and MT-2) in the gill were significantly downregulated in the 34 (except GPx1a) and 68 µg/l TCS groups, and these genes (except MT-2) in the ovary were significantly downregulated in the 68 µg/l TCS group. Apoptosis-related gene (Bax and p53) expression level in the gill were significantly downregulated in the 68 µg/l TCS group, while the ratios of BCL-2 to Bax and MDM2 gene were significantly upregulated. The Bax gene in the ovary was significantly upregulated in the 34 and 68 µg/l TCS groups, while the ratio of BCL-2 to Bax was significantly downregulated. Moreover, the p53 gene in the ovary in the 34 µg/l TCS group was significantly upregulated. In addition, the MDA contents in the gill in the 34 and 68 μg/l TCS treated groups and in the ovary in 68 μg/l group were significantly increased. The results showed that the higher dose of TCS might cause oxidative damage in the gills and ovaries and accelerate ROS-dependent ovary apoptosis in zebrafish.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Effects of triclosan on antioxidant- and apoptosis-related genes expression in the gill and ovary of zebrafish

2020

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“…Additionally, several freshwater species commonly held as pet aquarium fish such as gold fish (Carassius auratus) [172][173][174][175][176] and guppies (Poecilia reticulate and Poecilia vivipara) [177][178][179][180] are also used for the assessment of DNA damage using the comet assay.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

The comet assay in animal models: From bugs to whales – (Part 2 Vertebrates)

Gajski

Žegura

Ladeira

et al. 2019

Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research

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The comet assay has become one of the methods of choice for the evaluation and measurement of DNA damage. It is sensitive, quick to perform and relatively affordable for the evaluation of DNA damage and repair at the level of individual cells. The comet assay can be applied to virtually any cell type derived from different organs and tissues. Even though the comet assay is predominantly used on human cells, the application of the assay for the evaluation of DNA damage in yeast, plant and animal cells is also quite high, especially in terms of biomonitoring. The present extensive overview on the usage of the comet assay in animal models will cover both terrestrial and water environments. The first part of the review was focused on studies describing the comet assay applied in invertebrates. The second part of the review, (Part 2) will discuss the application of the comet assay in vertebrates covering cyclostomata, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals, in addition to chordates that are regarded as a transitional form towards vertebrates. Besides numerous vertebrate species, the assay is also performed on a range of cells, which includes blood, liver, kidney, brain, gill, bone marrow and sperm cells. These cells are readily used for the evaluation of a wide spectrum of genotoxic agents both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the use of vertebrate models and their role in environmental biomonitoring will also be discussed as well as the comparison of the use of the comet assay in vertebrate and human models in line with ethical principles. Although the comet assay in vertebrates is most commonly used in laboratory animals such as mice, rats and lately zebrafish, this paper will only briefly review its use regarding laboratory animal models and rather give special emphasis to the increasing usage of the assay in domestic and wildlife animals as well as in various ecotoxicological studies.

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“…TCS-mediated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes oxidative stress and may lead to DNA damage. TCS was found to induce oxidative stress and genotoxic response in goldfish [6], was associated with oxidative stress, and activated the antioxidant system in Trissolcus japonicas [7]. Further, TCS is thought to exert potential biochemical and genetic toxicities in Eisenia fetida [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure of Triclosan in Porcine Oocyte Leads to Superoxide Production and Mitochondrial-Mediated Apoptosis during In Vitro Maturation

Park

Song

Kim

et al. 2020

IJMS

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While triclosan (TCS) exerts detrimental effects on female reproduction, the effect of TCS-derived toxins on porcine oocytes during in vitro maturation (IVM) is unclear. This study investigated the effects of TCS on mitochondrion-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis pathways during porcine oocyte maturation. Porcine oocytes were treated with TCS (1, 10, and 100 μM) and triphenylphosphonium chloride (Mito-TEMPO; 0.1 μM), and matured cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were stained with orcein, dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA), and Mito-SOX. Proteins and mRNA levels of factors related to cumulus expansion and mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis and antioxidant enzymes were analyzed by western blotting and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. Meiotic maturation and cumulus cell expansion significantly decreased for COCs after TCS treatment along with an increase in mitochondrial superoxide levels at 44 h of IVM. Further, mitochondrion-related antioxidant enzymes and apoptosis markers were significantly elevated in porcine COCs following TCS-mediated oxidative damage. The protective effect of Mito-TEMPO as a specific superoxide scavenger from TCS toxin improved the maturation capacity of porcine COCs. Mito-TEMPO downregulated the mitochondrial apoptosis of TCS-exposed porcine COCs by reducing superoxide level. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that TCS mediates toxicity during porcine oocyte maturation through superoxide production and mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis.

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Effects of triclosan on acute toxicity, genetic toxicity and oxidative stress in goldfish (<i>Carassius auratus</i>)

Cited by 47 publications

References 39 publications

Effects of triclosan on antioxidant- and apoptosis-related genes expression in the gill and ovary of zebrafish

Effects of triclosan on antioxidant- and apoptosis-related genes expression in the gill and ovary of zebrafish

The comet assay in animal models: From bugs to whales – (Part 2 Vertebrates)

Exposure of Triclosan in Porcine Oocyte Leads to Superoxide Production and Mitochondrial-Mediated Apoptosis during In Vitro Maturation

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