Effects of treatment on gingival crevicular collagenase, stromelysin and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases and their ability to predict response to treatment

Abstract

Fibroblast collagenase (FIB-CL) and stromelysin (SL) are members of a family of enzymes which are capable of degrading most of the extracellular matrix macromolecules. Extracellular control of these enzymes is performed by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP). During healing, inflammation and normal tissue turnover, levels of MMPs and TIMP will change. The effect of treatment on the levels of FIB-CL, SL and TIMP as well as their ability, at baseline, to predict the outcome of therapy was investigated. 21 patients each provided 8 gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples from sites with probing depths > or = 4 mm. Clinical recordings and GCF sampling were performed at 3 time points. Assays for SL, FIB-CL and TIMP were performed by a sandwich ELISA. Attachment level changes were detected by the "tolerance method". The ability of the GCF constituents to predict the response to treatment was assessed by comparing pre-treatment levels between sites which did or did not show attachment gain after therapy. Although no GCF constituents could reliably predict the response to treatment, SL reduced significantly (p = 0.029) after the hygiene phase of therapy. In addition, both SL and TIMP levels showed a highly significant reduction at follow-up visit (p = 0.003 and p = 0.005 respectively). Thus, SL and TIMP levels are reduced by treatment, but these GCF proteins do not appear to have an ability to predict treatment outcome from baseline.

Influence of phase I periodontal therapy on levels of matrix metalloproteinase 1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1

“…Tuter et al (2005Tuter et al ( , 2007 reported similar results. Haerian et al (1996) pooled data from healthy, gingivitis, and periodontitis sites and observed a moderately positive, yet significant, correlation between the biochemical parameters, GCF, stromelysin, and TIMP levels with clinical parameters.…”

“…Phase I periodontal therapy may have reduced the number of neutrophils and the elastase released due to resolved gingival inflammation and tissue healing, thus resulting in increased TIMP-1 levels. Another possibility is that the increased TIMP-1 levels reflect its involvement in the healing process (Haerian et al, 1996). In addition, there might be clearance of MMP-TIMP-1 complexes by an as yet unidentified mechanism.…”

“…These results are in accordance with results published by Tuter et al (2002), who also investigated the levels of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 before and after phase I therapy. Haerian et al (1996) used a sandwich ELISA to evaluate the effect of scaling and root planing on the levels of fibroblast collagenase, stromelysin, and TIMP in the GCF of patients with advanced periodontal disease. They reported that TIMP levels in GCF were significantly increased after the phase I therapy, and TIMP levels were significantly reduced at the follow-up visit 3 months later.…”

The effects of the initial treatment phase and of adjunctive low-dose doxycycline therapy on clinical parameters and MMP-8, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 levels in the saliva and peripheral blood of patients with chronic periodontitis

“…Studies by Hayakawa et al [23] and Tüter et al [38] showed that TIMP-1 concentrations in saliva and GCF significantly increased after the initial phase of treatment, reaching values found in normal subjects. On the other hand, Haerian et al [22] found that the follow-up phase of treatment decreased the TIMP-1 levels in GCF.…”

The role of CD14 and Toll-like receptors on the release of MMP-8 in the LPS recognition pathway

“…One of the MMPs receiving much attention is the neutrophil collagenase(MMP-8) which is found in higher concentration in inflamed gingival specimens than in clinically healthy gingival. The increased presence of MMP-8 in diseased over healthy sites 15) , their increase during experimental gingivitis 16) and decrease after periodontal treatment 17,18) suggest that MMPs are involved in periodontal …”