Effects of the venom and the dermonecrotic toxin LiRecDT1 of Loxosceles intermedia in the rat liver

Christoff, Adriana de Oliveira; Oliveira, Anabel de; Chaim, Olga Meiri; Lugarini, Daiana; Pereira, Amanda Leite Bastos; Paludo, Kátia Sabrina; Telles, José Ederaldo Queiroz; Bracht, Adelar; Veiga, Sílvio Sanches; Acco, Alexandra

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2008.08.001

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…ALT is very active in the liver; thus, it can be easily detected in small quantities in the plasma after liver injuries. Enzyme release can be caused by hepatocyte lysis and by increases in plasma membrane permeability (Babcock et al 1981;De Oliveira Christoff et al 2008). Our data, which suggest that the plasma ALT is more influenced by the HFD than by the ethanol, corroborate those of Demori et al (2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Characterization of an alcoholic hepatic steatosis model induced by ethanol and high-fat diet in rats

Souza

Stolf

Dreifuss

et al. 2015

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Characterization of an alcoholic hepatic steatosis model induced by ethanol and high-fat diet in rats

Souza

Stolf

Dreifuss

et al. 2015

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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“…Inflammatory states are frequently, if not always, associated with decreased rates of gluconeogenesis. For example, diminished gluconeogenesis was found in livers from arthritic rats [51], in livers from rats poisoned with the venom of Loxosceles intermedia [52], and also in livers from rats injected with the inflammatory cytokines [53]. It seems thus reasonable to conclude that impairment of gluconeogenesis by paracetamol is closely associated with the inflammatory state.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of anAgaricus blazeiAqueous Extract Pretreatment on Paracetamol-Induced Brain and Liver Injury in Rats

Soares

Oliveira

Sá‐Nakanishi

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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The action of an Agaricus blazei aqueous extract pretreatment on paracetamol injury in rats was examined not only in terms of the classical indicators (e.g., levels of hepatic enzymes in the plasma) but also in terms of functional and metabolic parameters (e.g., gluconeogenesis). Considering solely the classical indicators for tissue damage, the results can be regarded as an indication that the A. blazei extract is able to provide a reasonable degree of protection against the paracetamol injury in both the hepatic and brain tissues. The A. blazei pretreatment largely prevented the increased levels of hepatic enzymes in the plasma (ASP, ALT, LDH, and ALP) and practically normalized the TBARS levels in both liver and brain tissues. With respect to the functional and metabolic parameters of the liver, however, the extract provided little or no protection. This includes morphological signs of inflammation and the especially important functional parameter gluconeogenesis, which was impaired by paracetamol. Considering these results and the long list of extracts and substances that are said to have hepatoprotective effects, it would be useful to incorporate evaluations of functional parameters into the experimental protocols of studies aiming to attribute or refute effective hepatoprotective actions to natural products.

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“…LC-MS/MS analysis of NnLF identified a total of 13 toxin-like proteins in the Tox-Prot database, including 3 phospholipase A 2 -related toxins, reticulocalbin-2 from the snake Crotalus adamanteus , basic phospholipase A 2 homologue from the snake Agkistrodon piscivorus conanti , and the dermonecrotic toxin StSicTox-betaIF1 (fragment) from the spider Sicarius terrosus , which can cause dermonecrosis, hemolysis, vascular permeability increment, edema, inflammatory response, and platelet aggregation. − The PLA 2 activity of NnLF was also verified by in vitro assay. Because NnLF binds to the SP cation exchanger resin at pH 7.0, the pI of each toxin in NnLF was higher than 7.0.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Proteome Reveals the Key Lethal Toxins in the Venom of Jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai

et al. 2020

J. Proteome Res.

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Jellyfish stings are a major threat to human beings in coastal areas of the world. Each year, hundreds of thousands of victims are stung by venomous jellyfish. Nemopilema nomurai is a dangerous species with a large number of victims including many deaths. N. nomurai venom is a complex cocktail that is rich in proteins and peptides, and it is secreted by nematocysts for prey or defense. Previous studies have identified hundreds of toxins in the venom of N. nomurai; however, it is unclear which toxin(s) is responsible for lethality. Herein, we isolated the lethal fraction (NnLF) from N. nomurai venom with multiple chromatography. NnLF showed strong lethality to mice, and the toxicology results were consistent with the clinical symptoms of dead patients after N. nomurai sting, which indicated that NnLF contained the key lethal toxins in the venom. Subsequently, proteomic analysis was performed to identify the toxins in NnLF, and a total of 13 toxin homologues were identified, including phospholipase, potassium channel inhibitor, hemolysin, thrombin, etc. Moreover, in vitro toxicity assays further verified the phospholipase A2 and hemolytic activity of NnLF. These results revealed that cell membrane-targeted toxins, including channel-forming toxins, potassium channel inhibitors, and especially phospholipases, played very important roles in the lethality of N. nomurai sting. Moreover, blood toxins such as thrombin-like toxin and hemolysins might be synergistically involved in lethality. These findings advance the understanding of lethality caused by N. nomurai sting and will be significant for the development of drugs to treat this jellyfish sting in the future.

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Effects of the venom and the dermonecrotic toxin LiRecDT1 of Loxosceles intermedia in the rat liver

Cited by 16 publications

References 36 publications

Characterization of an alcoholic hepatic steatosis model induced by ethanol and high-fat diet in rats

Characterization of an alcoholic hepatic steatosis model induced by ethanol and high-fat diet in rats

Effects of anAgaricus blazeiAqueous Extract Pretreatment on Paracetamol-Induced Brain and Liver Injury in Rats

Comprehensive Proteome Reveals the Key Lethal Toxins in the Venom of Jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai

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