Effects of the Platelet‐Derived Growth Factor/Insulin‐Like Growth Factor‐I Combination on Bone Regeneration Around Titanium Dental Implants. Results of a Pilot Study in Beagle Dogs

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the early wound healing events of bone around press-fit titanium implants inserted with and without the concurrent application of a combination of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I). Nine months prior to implant placement all mandibular premolar teeth were extracted in 8 beagle dogs. Subsequently, 40 specially manufactured titanium implants with 2 transverse holes in the apical section were press fit into precise recipient sites in the dogs' mandibles. The dogs were sacrificed at 7 and 21 days following implant placement yielding 12 PDGF-B/IGF-I treated and 8 control (placebo gel or non-treated) implants for each observation period. Coded undecalcified sections were analyzed for: 1) percentage of implant surface in contact with new bone; 2) percentage of peri-implant space filled with new bone; and 3) percentage of implant hole filled with new bone. An analysis of variance was used to determine significant differences among the treatment groups. At 7 days, the percentage of bone fill in the peri-implant spaces and the percentage of implant surface in contact with new bone were both significantly increased in PDGF-B/IGF-I treated sites (P less than 0.01 for both groups). There was less than 1.5% fill of the implant holes in both treated and control sites (no significant differences). At 21 days the percentage of bone fill in the peri-implant spaces was significantly increased in the PDGF-B/IGF-I treated sites (P less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Transforming growth factor-6 stimulates bone ongrowth: Hydroxyapatite-coated implants studied in dogs

“…Very few reports concern the use of growth factors as stimulators of implant fixation. Lynch et al (1991) used a combination of platelet-derived growth factor and insulin-like growth factor to stimulate bone ongrowth into dental implants. However, these early results have not been reproduced.…”

Growth factor delivery for oral and periodontal tissue engineering

“…PDGF-BB is the most effective on PDL cell mitogenesis and matrix biosynthesis [75,76]. Several preclinical studies were performed using the combination of PDGF-BB and IGF-I for periodontal and peri-implant bone regeneration [77][78][79][80][81][82], culminating in the first study in humans using growth factors for periodontal regeneration [83]. In a human Phase I/II clinical trial, PDGF/IGF-I were considered safe when applied topically to periodontal osseous lesions, resulting in a significant improvement in bone growth and fill of periodontal defects, compared with standard therapy [83].…”

Surface Engineering for Bone Implants: A Trend from Passive to Active Surfaces

“…Different approaches can be used to upgrade a bone implant from a passive medical device to an instructive implant that can solicit a desired tissue response [69][70][71][72][73] using organic biomolecules. Organic surface modifications that are currently investigated involve immobilization of among others structural proteins, signaling molecules, enzymes or peptides onto biomaterial surfaces to target cell response at the tissue-implant interface [74,75].…”