Effects of supplementation of whole corn germ on reproductive performance, calf performance, and leptin concentration in primiparous and mature beef cows1

Martin, Jeremy L.; Rasby, Richard J.; Brink, Dennis R.; Lindquist, R.U.; Keisler, D. H.; Kachman, Stephen D.

doi:10.2527/2005.83112663x

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In agreement, Small et al (2004) showed no associated effects from limit-fed, high-fat diets offered for 61 d precalving on postpartum BW and BCS through breeding compared with isoenergetic, isonitrogenous control diets. Other reports support the absence of an effect of prepartum supplemental lipids on BW and BCS change during the postpartum period (Alexander et al, 2001;Martin et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Calves from DDGS-supplemented heifers had similar birth weights, weaning weights, and ADG compared with calves from SBH-supplemented heifers in the present study. Similarly, Martin et al (2005) reported corn germ supplementation during the prepartum period did not influence calf birth or weaning weights, and Small et al (2004) reported similar calf birth weights, weaning weights and ADG for limit-fed gestation diets with or without fat. Miner et al (1990) reported calf birth weights to be similar between dams fed soybean meal diets with or without additional UIP or fat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In contrast, Small et al (2004) reported that the number of multiparous cows cycling by 60 d postpartum, first service conception rates, and overall conception rates were similar for cows receiving limit-fed diets containing between 4.6 and 2.7% dietary fat for 61 d before calving. Other researchers also have reported no influence of prepartum dietary lipids in beef cow diets on postpartum interval (Geary et al, 2002), ovarian activity at the beginning of the breeding season (Martin et al, 2005), pregnancy distribution (Geary et al, 2002;Martin et al, 2005), first service conception rates (Alexander et al, 2001), or overall pregnancy rates (Alexander et al, 2001;Geary et al, 2002;Martin et al, 2005) compared with low dietary lipid controls. Thus, effects of prepartum fat and UIP supplementation on subsequent reproductive parameters and overall pregnancy have been mixed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Effect of dried corn distillers grains plus solubles compared with soybean hulls, in late gestation heifer diets, on animal and reproductive performance1

Engel

Patterson

Perry

2008

Journal of Animal Science

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Dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) contain fat and rumen undegradable intake protein, both of which have been shown to increase reproductive performance in heifers. The mechanisms leading to enhanced reproduction have not been fully defined. The objectives of this research were to evaluate effects of DDGS in late gestation heifer diets on animal and reproductive performance and on blood plasma concentrations of GH, IGF-I, and NEFA. Over 2 yr, 201 heifers were randomly allotted to 1 of 2 diets, which were similar in energy and adequate in rumen degradable intake protein and were fed from d 190 of gestation through calving. Diets were grass hay with DDGS or soybean hulls (SBH) and a supplement. Cow BW and BCS were measured from the beginning of treatment through weaning. Blood samples were collected prepartum on d 71 and 69 of the feeding period and weekly after calving for 4 and 6 wk (d 84 to 105 and d 76 to 111 relative to the feeding period) during yr 1 and 2, respectively. No treatment x year interactions were detected for any of the performance, hormonal, or reproductive dependent variables. Both treatments caused positive BW changes over the feeding period, but DDGS heifers had a greater (P < 0.01) positive BW change compared with SBH heifers. Initial and final BCS and BCS change were similar (P >/= 0.26) between DDGS and SBH treatments. Treatment did not influence (P >/= 0.12) BW or BCS change during the postpartum period. Calving ease, calf vigor, and calf birth weight, weaning weight, and ADG (birth to weaning) were similar (P >/= 0.41) between treatments. The proportion of cows that had initiated estrous cycles (P = 0.46) and the pregnancy distribution (P >/= 0.21) were similar between treatments. However, a greater (P = 0.058) percentage of DDGS cows became pregnant compared with SBH cows (94 and 84%). In both years, there were no effects of treatment (P >/= 0.17) or treatment x time (P >/= 0.52), but time influenced (P 0.10) for the duration of the sampling period. Concentrations of NEFA increased from calving through d 8 and gradually declined through d 20. Prepartum diets containing DDGS, a source of fat and UIP, benefited pregnancy rates in well-maintained, primiparous beef heifers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Effect of dried corn distillers grains plus solubles compared with soybean hulls, in late gestation heifer diets, on animal and reproductive performance1

Engel

Patterson

Perry

2008

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Some researchers also reported that there are linear relationships between circulating leptin and body condition score (BCS) in cows, though the correlation coefficient was low (Lents et al . 2005; Martin et al . 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma leptin, feed intake and body fat accumulation in fattening castrated male and female lambs

Ban‐Tokuda¹,

Delavaud²,

Chilliard³

et al. 2008

Animal Science Journal

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The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between changes in plasma leptin concentration and feed intake or bodyweight in female and castrated male lambs with fattening. Four female and four castrated male lambs were used and were fed roughage and concentrate supplemented with beef tallow ad libitum for 28 weeks. Although the feed intake and bodyweight increased with fattening in both the castrated male and female lambs, they decreased at 24-28 weeks in the female lambs. At the end of fattening, the crude fat content in the muscle (loin) of the female lambs was significantly higher than in the castrated male lambs (P < 0.05), while the crude protein content in the loin and fillet meat was higher in the castrated male than in the female lambs (P < 0.05). The plasma leptin concentration showed high values at a later stage of fattening (P < 0.05). In the female lambs the plasma insulin concentration increased at a later stage of fattening (P < 0.05) and was positively correlated (P < 0.0001, r = 0.78) with plasma leptin. Plasma metabolites (glucose, nonesterified fatty acid, total cholesterol and triglyceride) concentrations were also changed with fattening. Plasma total cholesterol was positively related to plasma leptin, more closely in the female than in the castrated male lambs (in females, r = 0.63, P < 0.001; in males, r = 0.38, P < 0.01). The accumulation of body fat was probably accelerated by the consumption of a lot of concentrate feed supplemented with treated beef tallow and by the stimulation of insulin with fattening. Consequently, the plasma leptin concentration increased, especially toward the end of the fattening period. The decrease in feed intake and bodyweight after the 24th week of fattening was possibly caused by an increase in leptin that is involved in the homeostatic regulation of body energy by regulating appetite.Beef tallow was supplemented at 3% of the DM of the concentrate diet. CP, crude protein; DM, dry matter; EE, ether extract; ME, metabolizable energy (calculated value); OM, organic matter. PLASMA LEPTIN IN FATTENING LAMBS 59

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“…Least squares means were compared using the PDIFF option of SAS. Percentage of heifers reaching puberty, estrus synchronization response, conception rate, and pregnancy rates were analyzed after logit transformation using PROC MIXED as previously described (Cox, 1988;Martin et al, 2005). Technician and service sire were included in the initial model for AI conception and pregnancy rates but were removed from the final model because they were not significant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of dried distillers grains for developing beef heifers1,2,3

Martin

Cupp

Rasby

et al. 2007

Journal of Animal Science

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A 2-yr study was conducted at 2 locations to determine if supplementing beef heifers with dried distillers grains (DDG) as an energy source affected growth or reproduction. Spring-born crossbred heifers (n = 316) were blocked by age or sire and age and assigned randomly to DDG or control (dried corn gluten feed, whole corn germ, urea) supplement. Heifers received prairie hay in amounts sufficient for ad libitum intake and 0.59% of BW DDG or 0.78% of BW control supplement (DM basis). Supplements were formulated to be isocaloric, but protein degradability differed. Supplemental undegradable intake protein intake from DDG averaged 267 g/animal daily and reached 318 g/animal daily; control supplemental undegradable intake protein intake averaged 90 g/animal daily and peaked at 107 g/animal daily. Initial pubertal status was determined by 2 blood samples collected 10 d apart, and monthly BW were collected from November through January; then biweekly BW and blood samples were collected from February until May yearly. Heifers were synchronized with 2 injections of PGF 2α 14 d apart; estrus was detected and heifers were artificially insemi-

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Effects of supplementation of whole corn germ on reproductive performance, calf performance, and leptin concentration in primiparous and mature beef cows1

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of dried corn distillers grains plus solubles compared with soybean hulls, in late gestation heifer diets, on animal and reproductive performance1

Effect of dried corn distillers grains plus solubles compared with soybean hulls, in late gestation heifer diets, on animal and reproductive performance1

Plasma leptin, feed intake and body fat accumulation in fattening castrated male and female lambs

Utilization of dried distillers grains for developing beef heifers1,2,3

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