Effects of sulfuric acid mist inhalation on mucous clearance and on airway fluids of rats and guinea pigs

Wolff, Ronald K.; Henderson, Rogene F.; Gray, R.H.; Carpenter, Robert L.; Hahn, Fletcher F.

doi:10.1080/15287398609530808

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Repeated exposure appears to prolong retention times for carbon in lung tissue over those seen after a single exposure (Griffis et al, 1983 (Amdur, 1958;Lippmann et al, 1987;Schlesinger et al, 1978;Schiff et al, 1979;Phalen et al, 1980;Wolff et al, 1981Wolff et al, , 1986Chen and Schlesinger, 1983). Very similar effects on particle clearance have been seen in rats, rabbits, dogs, donkeys and humans.…”

Section: Previous Studiessupporting

confidence: 49%

“…At low concentrations of inhaled H2S04 a stimulation of clearance is observed, but clearance is depressed at higher levels (Wolff et al, 1986), edema and cellular infiltration around bronchi and parenchymal blood vessels in guinea pigs (Bushtueva, 1957), and increased epithelial thickness and increased numbers of small airways and secretory cells in rabbits (Juhos et al, 1978), and increased density of secretory cells throughout the bronchial tree accompanied by decreased lumen sizes of small airways in rabbits (Gearhart and Schlesinger, 1988). Despite the fact that nitric acid is widely used in industry, the toxicology data base is very limited.…”

Section: Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Toxic Effects of Short-Term Exposures to Acids and Diesel Exhaust

Prasad¹,

Rao²,

McClure³

et al. 1990

Journal of Aerosol Medicine

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Section: Previous Studiessupporting

confidence: 49%

Section: Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic Effects of Short-Term Exposures to Acids and Diesel Exhaust

Prasad¹,

Rao²,

McClure³

et al. 1990

Journal of Aerosol Medicine

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“…3). At the 1.0 mg/i3 level, clearance is depressed after exposure of dogs (70), donkeys (71), humans (72), guinea pigs (68), and rabbits (73) ( Fig. 3).…”

Section: Sulfuric Acid Mist (H2so4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of airborne pollutants on mucociliary clearance.

Wolff¹

1986

Environ Health Perspect

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The mucociliary clearance system is a first line of defense against inhaled agents, and so its compromise can adversely affect health. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of data on the effect of in vivo air pollutant exposures on the clearance of test particles from airways. Data from both animals and humans are compared whenever possible, so that estimates of human health effects may be made. Mechanisms of action are also discussed, presenting the view that for low level exposures, changes in secretions are probably responsible for most observed changes in clearance. The pollutants pertinent to this review are those that are common in the environment and most likely to have impacts on large numbers of people: sulfur oxides, sulfuric acid mist, O3, NO2, particulates, diesel exhaust, and cigarette smoke.ImagesFIGURE 1.FIGURE 2. aFIGURE 2. bFIGURE 4.

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“…After acute sulfuric acid aerosol exposure at concentrations as low as 0.1 mg/m 3 , changes in mucociliary clearance were found in humans (Newhouse et al, 1978;Leikauf et al, 1981). Similar changes in mucociliary clearance were also observed in donkeys (Lippmann et al, 1982), in rabbits (Schlesinger et al, 1983(Schlesinger et al, , 1992, and in rats and guinea pigs (Wolff et al, 1986), usually at a concentration of 1 mg/m 3 . Donkeys (Lippmann et al, 1982) and rabbits (Schlesinger et al, 1983(Schlesinger et al, , 1992 were also intermittently exposed to sulfuric acid aerosols (1 h/day, 5 days/wk, 0.1 mg/m 3 ) for up to 6 mo and 1 yr, respectively.…”

Section: Particle Clearance From the Airwaysmentioning

confidence: 54%

HEALTH EFFECTS OF SULFUR-RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL AIR POLLUTION. III. Nonspecific Respiratory Defense Capacities

Kreyling¹

1999

Inhalation Toxicology

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Recently concern has been raised about health effects related to environmental sulfur and/or acidic aerosols. To assess long-term effects on respiratory lung function, 8 beagle dogs were exposed over a period of 13 mo for 16.5 h/day to 1.0 microm neutral sulfite aerosol with a particle associated sulfur(IV) concentration of 0.32 mg m(-3) and for 6 h/day to 1.1 microm acidic sulfate aerosol providing an hydrogen ion concentration of 15.2 micromol m(-3) for inhalation. Prior to exposure the dogs were kept under clean air conditions for 16 mo to establish physiological baseline values for each dog. A second group of eight dogs (control) was kept for the entire study under clean air conditions. Nonspecific defense mechanisms in the airways and in the peripheral lung were studied during chronic exposure of the combination of neutral sulfur(IV) and acidic sulfur(VI) aerosols. No functional changes of tracheal mucus velocity were found, in agreement with unchanged morphometry of the airways. However, the exposure resulted in changes of several alveolar macrophage (AM) mediated particle clearance mechanisms: (1) Based on in vivo clearance analysis and cultured AM studies using moderately soluble cobalt oxide particles, intracellular particle dissolution was significantly reduced since phagolysosomal proton concentration was decreased. We deduce exposure-related malfunction of proton pumps bound to the phagolysosomal membrane as a result of an increase of cytosolic proton concentration. (2) Based on in vivo clearance analysis using insoluble polystyrene particles, AM-mediated particle transport from the lung periphery toward ciliated terminal bronchioli and further to the larynx was significantly reduced. Activation of epithelial type II cells at the entrance of alveoli was inferred from observed type II cell proliferation at those alveolar ridges and enhanced secretion of alkaline phosphatase in the fluid of bronchoalveolar lavages. As a result, hypersecretion of chemotactic mediators by activated type II cells at these loci led to the observed decrease of particle transport toward ciliated bronchioli. (3) Based on in vivo clearance analysis using insoluble polystyrene particles, particle transport from the alveolar epithelium into interstitial tissues was increased and (4) particle transport to the tracheobronchial lymph nodes was significantly enhanced. Particle transport into interstitial tissues is the most prominent clearance pathway from the canine alveolar epithelium. We conclude that the deteriorated particle transport toward ciliated terminal bronchioli resulted in an enhanced particle transport across the epithelial membrane into interstitial tissues and the lymphatic drainage. The observed alterations in alveolar macrophage-mediated clearance mechanisms during chronic exposure of these air pollutants indicate an increased risk of health.

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Effects of sulfuric acid mist inhalation on mucous clearance and on airway fluids of rats and guinea pigs

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Toxic Effects of Short-Term Exposures to Acids and Diesel Exhaust

Toxic Effects of Short-Term Exposures to Acids and Diesel Exhaust

Effects of airborne pollutants on mucociliary clearance.

HEALTH EFFECTS OF SULFUR-RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL AIR POLLUTION. III. Nonspecific Respiratory Defense Capacities

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