Effects of airborne pollutants on mucociliary clearance.

Wolff, Ronald K.

doi:10.1289/ehp.8666223

Cited by 68 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…Current biological knowledge suggests that SO 2 can exacerbate COPD. In animals, low and short-term SO 2 exposures accelerate mucociliary clearance by reflex mechanisms, as suggested by increases in secretion rates of mucus 31. In human-related studies, SO 2 has been associated with bronchoconstriction in normal and sensitive subjects after short-term (5 min) exposures 32.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban air pollution and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-related emergency department visits

Arbex¹,

Conceição

Cendon

et al. 2009

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

121

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban air pollution and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-related emergency department visits

Arbex¹,

Conceição

Cendon

et al. 2009

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

121

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“…Effect of smoking: Mucociliary clearance has been demonstrated to be affected in smoking [123,124] and while smoke caused cilia loss in bovine lungs studied in vitro [125], ciliary function has been shown to be normal in smoking asymptomatic subjects [64]. When investigating the ultrastructure (TEM) of bronchial epithelial cell cilia, significant ciliary abnormalities in smokers and ex-smokers compared to non-smokers and controls have been observed with the higher percentage of non-specific ciliary abnormalities associated with chronic tobacco smoke in those with chronic sputum production [126], a characteristic symptom of COPD [109,127].…”

Section: Factors That Can Affect Cbf In Copdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airway Epithelial Cell Cilia and Obstructive Lung Disease

Yaghi

Dolovich

2016

Cells

123

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Airway epithelium is the first line of defense against exposure of the airway and lung to various inflammatory stimuli. Ciliary beating of airway epithelial cells constitutes an important part of the mucociliary transport apparatus. To be effective in transporting secretions out of the lung, the mucociliary transport apparatus must exhibit a cohesive beating of all ciliated epithelial cells that line the upper and lower respiratory tract. Cilia function can be modulated by exposures to endogenous and exogenous factors and by the viscosity of the mucus lining the epithelium. Cilia function is impaired in lung diseases such as COPD and asthma, and pharmacologic agents can modulate cilia function and mucus viscosity. Cilia beating is reduced in COPD, however, more research is needed to determine the structural-functional regulation of ciliary beating via all signaling pathways and how this might relate to the initiation or progression of obstructive lung diseases. Additionally, genotypes and how these can influence phenotypes and epithelial cell cilia function and structure should be taken into consideration in future investigations.

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“…The 24‐h limit may not be exceeded more than once a year. The industrial threshold limit value, which is the concentration allowed for 8‐h exposure, is 2 ppm [67, 68].…”

Section: Environmental Pollutants Affecting  Mucociliary Clearancementioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of mucociliary clearance in health and disease

Houtmeyers¹,

Gosselink²,

et al. 1999

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Airway secretions are cleared by mucociliary clearance (MCC), in addition to other mechanisms such as cough, peristalsis, two‐phase gas–liquid flow and alveolar clearance. MCC comprises the cephalad movement of mucus caused by the cilia lining the conducting airways until it can be swallowed or expectorated. MCC is a very complex process in which many variables are involved, all of which may modify the final outcome. The structure, number, movement and co‐ordination of the cilia present in the airways as well as the amount, composition and rheological properties of the periciliary and mucus layers are determinants of MCC. Physiological factors such as age, sex, posture, sleep and exercise are reported to influence MCC due to a change in the cilia, the mucus or the periciliary layer, or a combination of these. Environmental pollution is suspected to have a depressant effect on MCC dependent on different factors such as pollutant concentration and the duration of exposure. Most studies focus on sulphur dioxide, sulphuric acid, nitrogen dioxide and ozone. Tobacco smoke and hairspray have been noted to have a negative influence on MCC. Some diseases are known to affect MCC, mostly negatively. The underlying mechanism differs from one illness to another. Immotile cilia syndrome, asthma, bronchiectasis, chronic bronchitis, cystic fibrosis and some acute respiratory tract infections are among the most frequently reported. The present paper reviews normal mucociliary clearance and the effects of diseases on this process.

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Effects of airborne pollutants on mucociliary clearance.

Cited by 68 publications

References 116 publications

Urban air pollution and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-related emergency department visits

Urban air pollution and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-related emergency department visits

Airway Epithelial Cell Cilia and Obstructive Lung Disease

Regulation of mucociliary clearance in health and disease

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