Effects of Silane Surface Treatment of Cellulose Nanocrystals on the Tensile Properties of Cellulose-Polyvinyl chloride Nanocomposite

Sheltami, Rasha M.; Kargarzadeh, Hanieh; Abdullah, Ibrahim

doi:10.17576/jsm-2015-4406-05

Cited by 56 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The stretching vibration at 1719 cm −1 was assigned to the C=O bond [35], and the peak in the range of 1640-1618 cm −1 corresponds to the aldehydic and carboxyl stretching vibrations [26] or even to the adsorbed water, which was also identified in a few other studies [36]. According to Fig.…”

Section: Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 81%

Universal approach of cellulose fibres chemical modification result analysis via commonly used techniques

2018

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This article considers the modification of cellulose fibres with the use of vinyltrimethoxysilane and maleic anhydride as substances to improve the wettability of the additive in the hydrophobic polymer matrix. The stress is put on the possible ways of modification impact investigation and its description. Effects of the treatment are analysed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, which reveal the presence of new moieties on the cellulose surface, e.g. C=C bonds, C=O and Si-C groups, while dynamic light scattering investigation revealed an increase in the hydrodynamic radii of the molecules which was maximized in the case of modification with the use of maleic anhydride. Furthermore, thermal properties were defined with differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. Some variations within the process of samples thermal degradation are observed-thermal stability of the specimen modified with maleic anhydride is the highest. The presented approach of combined fibre modification analysis techniques, being a scientific novelty, allows to confirm the treatment impact on cellulose properties at many levels. Graphical abstractKeywords Cellulose · Maleic anhydride · Vinyltrimethoxysilane

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Section: Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 81%

Universal approach of cellulose fibres chemical modification result analysis via commonly used techniques

2018

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“…The size of the modifier being larger than that of the surface hydroxyl groups, it could increase the distance between polymer chains. It is reported that intermolecular attraction energy is reduced as the distance between the polymer chains increases 36 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and chemical modification of crystalline nanocellulose to reinforce natural rubber composites

Singh

Dhakar

Kapgate

et al. 2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Potential of crystalline nanocellulose (CNC), as green reinforcing filler, has been evaluated for the preparation of natural rubber (NR) composites. CNC is derived from a natural source (ramie fiber) and its surface is modified with different organosilanes to strengthen the rubber‐filler interaction at the interface. It is found that, although at 2.5 phr (parts per hundred parts of rubber) loading of CNC the mechanical property of the NR composites is improved, it deteriorates at 5 phr loading. Surface modification of CNC by organosilanes is found very useful to overcome this issue. The modulus values at low strain become almost 1.5 to 2 times higher while tensile strength becomes 2.5 times higher for the modified CNC filled composites relative to those of CNC filled composites at 5 phr loading. These results are corroborated with a morphological study, where a very good state of dispersion of CNC particles is found in the surface‐modified CNC filled composites. Moreover, the particle size of CNC becomes almost half, in respect to that of unmodified CNC particles, upon surface modification by organosilane. The reinforcement effect delivered by CNC and surface‐modified CNC is also reflected by a small positive shift in Glass Transition Temperature (Tg) in differential scanning calorimetry study.

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“…The DRIFT spectra (Figure 5a) show typical cellulose peaks at around 3380 and 1640 cm −1 , 2900 and 1250-1460 cm −1 , and 1050-1170 cm −1 , which can be attributed to hydroxyl (OH), alkyl (CH2), and C-O-C groups, respectively [33,34], and are observed in all samples. On the other hand, the peak at 1570 cm −1 can be assigned to N-H bending of the primary amine of the silane molecule [34][35][36][37] and is only present in the silylated samples. This is a clear indication of a successful surface coverage.…”

Section: Cnf Filament Surface Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ice-Templated Cellulose Nanofiber Filaments as a Reinforcement Material in Epoxy Composites

et al. 2021

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Finding renewable alternatives to the commonly used reinforcement materials in composites is attracting a significant amount of research interest. Nanocellulose is a promising candidate owing to its wide availability and favorable properties such as high Young’s modulus. This study addressed the major problems inherent to cellulose nanocomposites, namely, controlling the fiber structure and obtaining a sufficient interfacial adhesion between nanocellulose and a non-hydrophilic matrix. Unidirectionally aligned cellulose nanofiber filament mats were obtained via ice-templating, and chemical vapor deposition was used to cover the filament surfaces with an aminosilane before impregnating the mats with a bio-epoxy resin. The process resulted in cellulose nanocomposites with an oriented structure and a strong fiber–matrix interface. Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies revealed the presence of silane on the filaments. The improved interface, resulting from the surface treatment, was observable in electron microscopy images and was further confirmed by the significant increase in the tan delta peak temperature. The storage modulus of the matrix could be improved up to 2.5-fold with 18 wt% filament content and was significantly higher in the filament direction. Wide-angle X-ray scattering was used to study the orientation of cellulose nanofibers in the filament mats and the composites, and the corresponding orientation indices were 0.6 and 0.53, respectively, indicating a significant level of alignment.

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Effects of Silane Surface Treatment of Cellulose Nanocrystals on the Tensile Properties of Cellulose-Polyvinyl chloride Nanocomposite

Abstract: Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) from mengkuang leaves (Pandanus tectorius) were investigated as potential reinforcement in poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC)

Cited by 56 publications

References 47 publications

Universal approach of cellulose fibres chemical modification result analysis via commonly used techniques

Universal approach of cellulose fibres chemical modification result analysis via commonly used techniques

Synthesis and chemical modification of crystalline nanocellulose to reinforce natural rubber composites

Ice-Templated Cellulose Nanofiber Filaments as a Reinforcement Material in Epoxy Composites

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