Effects of short-term fasting on in vivo rumen microbiota and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics

Kim, Jong‐Nam; Song, Jae Yoon; Kim, Eun Joong; Chang, Jong-Soo; Kim, Chang‐Hyun; Seo, Seongwon; Chang, M. B.; Bae, Gui-Seck

doi:10.5713/ajas.18.0489

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Similar findings such as reduction in Prevotellaceae and Anaerovibrio and no significant changes in fiber-digesting bacteria were observed in this study. In agreement with several reports [ 24 – 26 ], changes in gut microbiota is closely linked to colonic retention time which is increased during fasting leading to increases in Christensenella and decreases in rapidly fermenting bacteria due to nutritional deficits.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The effects of fasting on microbial changes in the equine gut were not reported. In ruminants, the effect of withholding feed for 24 h was evaluated on changes in rumen microbiota [ 24 ]. Interestingly, these authors reported that different species of Prevotella and Anaerovibrio were significantly reduced whereas no changes were reported in cell wall-digesting bacteria such as Ruminococcus species and Fibrobacter species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental crossover study on the effects of withholding feed for 24 h on the equine faecal bacterial microbiota in healthy mares

et al. 2021

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Background An association between equine gastrointestinal disease causing colic signs and changes in faecal bacterial microbiota has been identified. The reasons for these changes and their clinical relevance has not been investigated. Withholding feed, which is an integral part of managing horses with colic, may contribute to the observed changes in the microbiota and impact interpretation of findings in horses with colic. Study objectives were, therefore, to determine the effect of withholding feed for 24 h on equine faecal bacterial microbiota in healthy mares to differentiate the effects of withholding feed from the changes potentially associated with the disease. Results Species richness and Shannon diversity (alpha diversity) were significantly lower at the late withheld (10–24 h post withholding feed) and early refed (2–12 h post re-feeding) time points compared to samples from fed horses (P < 0.01). Restoration of species richness and diversity began to occur at the late refed (18–24 h post re-feeding) time points. Horses having feed withheld had a distinct bacterial population compared to fed horses (beta diversity). Bacteroidetes BS11 and Firmicutes Christensenellaceae, Christensenella, and Dehalobacteriaceae were significantly increased in horses withheld from feed primarily during the late withheld and early refed time points. Bacteroidetes Marinilabiaceae and Prevotellaceae, Firmicutes Veillonellaceae, Anaerovibrio, and Bulleidia, and Proteobacteria GMD14H09 were significantly decreased in horses with feed withheld at late withheld, early refed, and late refed time periods (P < 0.01). Changes in commensal gut microbiota were not significant between groups. Conclusions Withholding feed has a significant effect on faecal bacterial microbiota diversity and composition particularly following at least 10 h of withholding feed and should be taken into consideration when interpreting data on the equine faecal bacterial microbiota in horses.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental crossover study on the effects of withholding feed for 24 h on the equine faecal bacterial microbiota in healthy mares

et al. 2021

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“…Neither clinical signs of acute ruminal acidosis (feed intake depression, and diarrhea) nor laminitis were observed in any of the experimental animals, which was in concordance with the normal plasma lactate values that were recorded [ 52 ]. Ruminal pH values were also within a normal range (6.6 ± 0.35), but they were recorded after 8 h of fasting, and it is known that ruminal pH increases during fasting in ruminants [ 53 ]. In fact, the mean values of blood gas parameters and the anion gap were in agreement with those reported for fattening lambs with subacute ruminal acidosis [ 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dietary Crude Protein on Animal Performance, Blood Biochemistry Profile, Ruminal Fermentation Parameters and Carcass and Meat Quality of Heavy Fattening Assaf Lambs

Saro

Mateo

Caro

et al. 2020

Animals

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Thirty Assaf male lambs (30 ± 1.9 kg of body weight) were allocated to three groups fed diets differing in their crude protein (CP) contents (low protein (LP), 134 g CP/kg dry matter (DM); medium protein (MP), 157 g CP/kg DM; and high protein (HP), 173 g CP/kg DM) to test the effect of dietary protein content on animal performance, rumen function, animal health, and carcass and meat quality. Feed intake was recorded daily, and animals were weighed every second week. Lambs were blood-sampled to determine their acid–base status and biochemical profile. After 70 days of trial, lambs were slaughtered, and the ruminal content was collected to assess ruminal fermentation. Finally, carcass and meat quality were evaluated. Dry matter intake and average daily gain increased (p < 0.05) when increasing the level of dietary CP. There were not significant differences (p > 0.05) in the evaluated parameters in the rumen fluid of lambs. There were not significant differences in carcass or meat quality (p > 0.05) and in those parameters related to blood acid–base status. Several biochemical parameters showed differences depending on diet CP level (urea, protein, albumin, glucose, and calcium; p < 0.05). Feeding costs calculated in relation to cold carcass weight decreased when dietary CP decreased. The results suggested that a dietary protein content greater than 157 g/kg DM would be required to maximize growth performance in Assaf male fattening lambs under 50 kg of body weight. However, a protein content beyond that level was not found to improve either carcass or meat quality and could worsen profitability.

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“…After 48 hours of incubation, samples were separated between filtrate and the supernatant by filtration. The filtrate used for rumen pH was pH Meter (Kim et al 2019), rumen microbial protein using Lowry's method (Plummer 1978), and VFA determination using gas chromatography (Filípek & Dvořák 2009).…”

Section: In Vitro Rumen Fermentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mix Culture Bacteria and Fungi in Fermented Peanut Hulls-Based Feed Supplement on Physical Quality and In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Parameters

Nesti¹,

Baidlowi²,

Fauzi³

et al. 2020

JITV

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The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of the combination of mix culture bacteria (EM4®:E) and fungi (<em>Trichoderma viridae</em>:TV) on physical quality and in vitro rumen fermentation parameters of peanut hull-based feed supplements. Basal feed was divided into four treatments, which were: P0 (BF); P1 (E:25%+TV:75%); P2 (E:50%+TV:50%),; and P3 (E:75%+TV:25%); and each treatment had three replications. Feeds were fermented facultative anaerobically for nine days. The observed parameters were physical qualities (color, odor, fungi appearance and pH), and in vitro rumen fermentation parameters (rumen pH, microbial protein content, and total volatile fatty acid content). Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA design, and the significance of differences were tested using Kruskall-Wallis test for the physical qualities data and Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) test for in vitro rumen fermentation parameters. Results showed that the combination of E and TV at different level did not affect odor and the fungi appearance parameters (P≥0.05), however, it significantly affected P≤0.05) color change from blackish (1.64) in P0 to brownish in P1, P2 and P3 of 2.44; 2.69; and 2.80, respectively. The pH also decreased significantly (P≤0.05) by 10.67%. Treatment also did not affect the rumen pH, microbial protein content, and total volatile fatty acid content (P≥0.05). It is concluded that the combination of the EM4® 25%: <em>Trichoderma viridae</em> 75% on peanut-hull based feed supplement fermentation gives the best result on color and pH fermented feed product without affecting the rumen fermentation process.

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Effects of short-term fasting on in vivo rumen microbiota and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics

Abstract: When in vitro techniques are used to evaluate feed, the use of the ruminal fluid from fasted animals should be used with caution.

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

Experimental crossover study on the effects of withholding feed for 24 h on the equine faecal bacterial microbiota in healthy mares

Experimental crossover study on the effects of withholding feed for 24 h on the equine faecal bacterial microbiota in healthy mares

Effect of Dietary Crude Protein on Animal Performance, Blood Biochemistry Profile, Ruminal Fermentation Parameters and Carcass and Meat Quality of Heavy Fattening Assaf Lambs

Effect of Mix Culture Bacteria and Fungi in Fermented Peanut Hulls-Based Feed Supplement on Physical Quality and In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Parameters

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