Effects of Selenium Supplementation on the Diabetic Condition Depend on the Baseline Selenium Status in KKAy Mice

Abstract

Oxidative stress in obesity leads to insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. Some selenoproteins possess antioxidant properties, suggesting that selenium (Se) may protect against type 2 diabetes; however, evidence from epidemiological studies is contradictory. We hypothesized that Se status before supplementation (baseline) contributes to the supplementation outcome. This study aimed to clarify the influence of baseline Se status on the effect of Se supplementation on the diabetic condition. Six-week-old KKAy mice were fed a diet without supplemental Se or with 0.1 ppm Se in the form of L-selenomethionine (SeM) for 2 weeks to create low-Se and sufficient-Se baseline statuses, respectively. For the next 4 weeks, low-Se mice were given a SeM (0.5 ppm Se)-supplemented diet, and sufficient-Se mice were given either a SeM (0.5 ppm Se)- or sodium selenite (0.5 ppm Se)-supplemented diet; control groups continued on baseline diets. Serum Se concentrations, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, adiponectin levels, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity were analyzed. All mice became diabetic during the 2-week baseline induction period. At the end of the supplementation period, Se-receiving groups demonstrated significantly higher Se concentrations and GPx activities than their respective controls. Sufficient-Se mice receiving SeM had lower blood glucose levels and better insulin sensitivity than control and sodium selenite-receiving mice, whereas low-Se mice receiving SeM showed no such improvements compared with their controls. Our results suggest that Se supplementation in the form of SeM may help prevent type 2 diabetes aggravation in people taking the 55 μg/day Se recommended dietary allowance.

Selenomethionine modulates insulin secretion in the MIN6‐K8 mouse insulinoma cell line

“…For example, supranutritional doses of selenate given to db/db mice have been shown to exert anti‐diabetic effects by improving whole body insulin sensitivity and reducing the activity of liver cytosolic protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), negative regulators of insulin signaling [36]. While another study showed that dietary supplementation with SeMet lowered blood glucose and improved insulin sensitivity in KKAy mice [37].…”

The association between types of seafood intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

“…27,28 Though a meta-analysis of randomized trials showed no effect of vitamin D on risk of T2DM, the authors stated this may be due to suboptimal vitamin D dosing or short time frames of the trials. 29 Lastly, fish is a source of selenium, which may reduce diabetes risk in individuals with normal plasma selenium concentrations, 30 but high plasma selenium was recently associated with a 27% increase risk of T2DM 31 in a Chinese cohort.…”

Assessment of dietary selenium intake of Jordanian adults in Madaba: a cross sectional study

“…Such characteristics play important roles in redox homeostasis (Avery and Hoffmann, 2018), thyroid hormone metabolism (Winther et al, 2020), protection from oxidative stress (Bizerea et al, 2018;Sobiecki, 2017;Kaur et al, 2018) and inflammation (Johnson et al, 2009). An insufficient level of selenium, is associated with an increase in oxidative damage which increases the risk of diseases including cancer, diabetes mellitus (Avery and Hoffmann, 2018;Febiyanto et al, 2018), thyroid-related diseases, neurological disease and cardiovascular disease. On the other side, maintaining sufficient selenium level may provide some protection against these processes (Yildiz et al, 2019).…”