Effects of retinoic acid and zinc on the treatment of caustic esophageal burns

Abstract

Zinc has not been found effective in the prevention of stricture formation. The results indicate that ATRA has a preventive effect in the development of fibrosis in an experimental model of caustic esophageal burns in rats.

Beneficial effects of garlic (Allium Sativum) oil inexperimental corrosive esophageal burns

“…[9] To reduce inflammation and collagen synthesis and to prevent fibroplasia and stricture formation, many clinical and experimental studies have evaluated the medical efficiency of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents, such as sucralfate, palifermin, dimethyl sulfoxide, prednisolon, retinoic acid, zinc, trapidil, trimetazidine, and pentoxifylline. [9][10][11][12][13]20,21] Despite decreased stricture formations in these studies, the rate of stricture formation remained at 70%-100% in highgrade corrosive esophagitis. [9] Garlic oil, a diallyl trisulfide, is the main active constituent of garlic and is one of the oldest medicine.…”

“…[9] Although many agents have been used in various studies to prevent the stricture development, antibiotics and steroids have only recently gained clinical approval. [10][11][12][13] Garlic oil, a diallyl trisulfide, is the main active constituent of garlic. The beneficial effects of dietary garlic have been known for centuries.…”

The Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation in Caustic Esophagus Injury: An Experimental Study

“…Today, the aim of therapy in corrosive esophageal burn injuries is to prevent development of fibrosis, stricture formation, and perforation [4]. Several types of nonsurgical management such as steroid injections, antibiotics, esophageal dilatation, stent applications, and surgical treatment options are used for treatment [2, 4–6]; but current types of treatment are quiet ineffective for severe corrosive burns.…”

“…Several types of nonsurgical management such as steroid injections, antibiotics, esophageal dilatation, stent applications, and surgical treatment options are used for treatment [2, 4–6]; but current types of treatment are quiet ineffective for severe corrosive burns. In experimental models, some agents such as vitamins E and C, heparin, mitomycin, penicillamine, caffeic acid, epidermal growth factor, interferon g, sphingosylphosphorylcholine, phenethyl ester, progesterone, and estradiol are found to be effective in different degrees [7–13].…”

Effects of sodium hydroxide exposure on esophageal epithelial cells in an in vitro ovine model: implications for esophagus tissue engineering

“…For example, studies in segments of rabbit esophageal mucosa showed that increasing pH levels and exposure times to NaOH led to an increase in cell membrane and tight junction damage [1]. Several studies on animal models have focused their attention on attenuating the oxidative damage induced by alkaline ingestion [18][19][20]. However, no studies have focused their attention on the possible culture of EECs after exposure to different concentrations of NaOH, for further applications of esophageal tissue engineering.…”