Effects of Previous Cropping and Tillage System on Growth of Maize and Symbiotic Association with Arbusculer Mycorrhizal Fungi in Central Region of Japan

Usuki, Kazuei; Yamamoto, Hiroyuki; Tazawa, Junko

doi:10.1626/jcs.76.394

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…indigenous AMF abundance in soil and root colonization by AMF, thus improving the growth and yield of subsequent crops 10,[25][26][27] . Furthermore, the introduction of mycorrhizal pre-crops combined with a no-tillage system increases early stage maize (Zea mays L.) growth and AMF colonization to a greater extent than that of mycorrhizal pre-crops combined with a rotary-tillage system 28 . Thus, combining cover crop systems with conservation tillage may provide many benefits that improve subsequent crop performance.…”

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confidence: 99%

Amplicon sequencing analysis of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities colonizing maize roots in different cover cropping and tillage systems

Higo

Tatewaki

Iida

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Our understanding regarding the influence of intensive agricultural practices, including cover cropping and tillage, on communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is lacking. This would prove to be an obstacle in the improvement of current maize (Zea mays L.) production. therefore, using amplicon sequencing, we aimed to clarify how AMF communities and their diversity in maize roots vary under different cover cropping systems and two types of tillage (rotary and no tillage). Two kinds of cover crops (hairy vetch and brown mustard) and fallow treatments were established with rotary or no tillage in rotation with maize crops. Tillage and no tillage yielded a set of relatively common AMF operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the maize crops, representing 78.3% of the total OTUs. The percentage of maize crop OTUs that were specific to only tillage and no tillage were 9.6% and 12.0%, respectively. We found that tillage system significantly altered the AMF communities in maize roots. However, the AMF communities of maize crops among cover cropping treatments did not vary considerably. Our findings indicate that compared with cover cropping, tillage may shape AMF communities in maize more strongly. Growing cover crops and practicing conservation tillage are agricultural practices worldwide that have been recommended to promote soil fertility. In particular, Williams et al. 1 reported that conservation tillage, including reduced or no tillage, modifies water-holding capacity and structure of soil in conservative agricultural systems. In general, conservation tillage can improve soil aggregation, increase the amount of soil organic carbon in the surface layer, and reduce erosion 2,3. Moreover, conservation tillage enhances soil microbial diversity and the abundance of beneficial functional soil microorganisms 3,4. The soil microbial communities stimulated by conservation tillage can play important roles in soil aggregation, soil carbon sequestration, and soil nutrition; improve water use efficiencies; and influence crop yields 5,6. The practice of cover cropping potentially reduces soil and wind erosion 7 , enhances soil organic matter 8 , inhibits weed establishment 9 , and increases the abundance and activity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) 10. Indeed, crops with AMF have a greater capacity to take up phosphorus (P), zinc (Zn), and water 10 than crops without AMF. This greater capacity generally results in robust crop growth under conditions of limited nutrient availability or drought. AMF also contribute to increasing plant resistance against pathogens and help make crops generally healthier 11-13. AMF also contribute to crop health indirectly because of their effects on soil processes in agricultural settings 14,15. In particular, they can contribute to soil health, soil aggregate formation, and soil stability by increasing the soil's nutrient cycling and organic matter content 16,17. However, certain agricultural practices have negative influences on AMF abundance and functions 18,19. For example, convent...

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confidence: 99%

Amplicon sequencing analysis of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities colonizing maize roots in different cover cropping and tillage systems

Higo

Tatewaki

Iida

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…In the conventional system, it was not possible to maintain the extra-matrix mycelium continuity due to the plowing treatments. This was emphasized by Castillo et al (2006) [48] and Usuki et al (2007) [33], who reported that tillage in cultivated soils caused fragmentation of the extensive networks of AMF hyphae and limited sporulation. Furthermore, as indicated by Kabir (2005) [49] and Sheng et al (2013) [50], tillage dilutes AMF propagules.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As suggested by some authors [29,30], effective symbiosis requires at least 50% root colonization. However, the degree of root colonization by AMF depends on the type of soil, crop species, cultivation system, and soil infection potential [28,[31][32][33][34]. The group of edaphic factors that limit endomycorrhizal colonization includes a high level of soil phosphorus, organic C, nitrogen, and strongly acidic or alkaline reaction of the soil [25,35,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Cultivation System and Plant Cultivar on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi of Spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. Spelta L.) in a Short-Term Monoculture

Bohacz

Korniłłowicz-Kowalska

Rybczyńska‐Tkaczyk

et al. 2022

Pathogens

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Native communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) constitute a natural biofertilization, biocontrol, and bioprotection factor for most agricultural crops, including cereals. The present study investigated the native AMF population in cultivated spelt, i.e., a cereal that has not been analyzed in this respect to date. In particular, the aim of the study was to determine the number of spores and the degree of AMF root colonization in two spelt cultivars (Franckenkorn and Badengold) from a 3-year monoculture grown in two different cultivation systems: conventional tillage and no-tillage systems. The study showed considerable accumulation of AMF spores in the soil (on average 1325 in 100 g of air-dry soil), with a wide range of their numbers, and not a very high degree of endomycorrhizal colonization (on average from 3.0% to 31%). The intensity of AMF growth in the subsequent cultivation years gradually increased and depended on the cultivation system as well as the growth stage and cultivar of the spelt. It was found that both analyzed AMF growth indices in the no-tillage system were positively correlated with each other. Moreover, their values were higher in the no-tillage system than in the conventional system, with statistical significance only for the number of spores. This was mainly observed in the variant with the Franckenkorn cultivar. The effect of the growing season was evident in both cultivation systems and spelt cultivars. It was reflected by intensification of sporulation and mycorrhization of spelt roots by AMF in summer (maturation stage) compared with the spring period (flowering stage).

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“…Generally, tillage has been reported to reduce AMF colonization due to the physical destruction of the hyphal network (Boswell et al 1998;Kabir et al 1999;Usuki et al 2007). In addition, since the ability of AMF to recover from damaged hyphae varies with species, tillage also affects the AMF community structure (Jansa et al 2002(Jansa et al , 2003Brito et al 2012).…”

Section: Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, conventional cultivation of field crops in Japan usually involves tillage practices before sowing. Tillage has been known to have negative impacts on indigenous AMF because it destructs their external hyphal network (Boswell et al 1998;Kabir et al 1999;Usuki et al 2007). Thus, no-till cultivation can be thought as an important factor for maintaining indigenous AMF functions enhanced by mycorrhizal winter cover cropping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of winter wheat cover cropping with no-till cultivation on the community structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonizing the subsequent soybean

Morimoto

Uchida

Matsunami

et al. 2018

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Winter cover crops increase the amount of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the soil, providing beneficial effects such as enhancement of phosphorus uptake by the subsequent crop. However, its impact on the AMF community structure is not well understood. In the present study, we aimed to reveal the effect of winter wheat cover cropping with no-till cultivation on the AMF community structures in soil and roots of the subsequent soybean. For this purpose, we conducted a field experiment consisting of two treatments, no-till soybean cultivation after winter wheat cover cropping (NTWC) and conventional soybean cultivation after winter fallow management as a control (CONT). At the flowering stage of soybean, higher AMF colonization of soybean roots was observed in the NTWC plots compared with the CONT plots. Additionally, aboveground biomass and phosphorus uptake of soybean in the NTWC plots were significantly higher than those in the CONT plots. Molecular community analyses based on PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of AMF 18S rRNA genes indicated that the AMF community structures in the soil and soybean root of the NTWC plots were clearly different from those of the CONT plots. The DGGE profiles showed that the wheat cover cropping preferentially increased some phylotypes belonging to Glomeraceae and Claroideoglomeraceae. In addition, most of the phylotypes were characteristically observed in the subsequent soybean root of the NTWC plots, strongly suggesting that these phylotypes colonizing the cover crop wheat were taken over by the subsequent soybean. Our study revealed the significant effect of winter cover cropping with no-till cultivation on the structure of AMF community colonizing the subsequent soybean.

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Effects of Previous Cropping and Tillage System on Growth of Maize and Symbiotic Association with Arbusculer Mycorrhizal Fungi in Central Region of Japan

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Amplicon sequencing analysis of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities colonizing maize roots in different cover cropping and tillage systems

Amplicon sequencing analysis of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities colonizing maize roots in different cover cropping and tillage systems

Impact of the Cultivation System and Plant Cultivar on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi of Spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. Spelta L.) in a Short-Term Monoculture

Effect of winter wheat cover cropping with no-till cultivation on the community structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonizing the subsequent soybean

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