Effect of winter wheat cover cropping with no-till cultivation on the community structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonizing the subsequent soybean

Morimoto, Sho; Uchida, Takuya; Matsunami, Hisaya; Kobayashi, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1080/00380768.2018.1486171

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Genus-level abundances of OTUs assigned to the AM fungal group were dependent on cover crop identity, as well as CC Function. Previous studies have reported that cover crop effects on AM fungi, including biomass and community composition, seem to be dependent on cover crop species identity 19,21,23,25,[36][37][38][57][58][59] . Our study indicates that not only are the effects dependent on CC identity but they vary among genera of AM fungi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The AM fungal composition in 3Spp differed from all other cover crop treatments except for Oat, which was a species not included in the 3Spp treatment. Cover crop monocultures 24,59,60,65 and polycultures 16,19 , can increase the AM fungal inoculation potential for the subsequent cash crop. Further analysis revealed that the abundance of two OTUs, both of which were classified as A. morrowiae, were driving the dissimilarity between the 3Spp mixture and the other CCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fungal community shifts in soils with varied cover crop treatments and edaphic properties

Cloutier

Murrell

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et al. 2020

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Cover cropping is proposed to enhance soil microbial diversity and activity, with cover crop type affecting microbial groups in different ways. We compared fungal community compositions of bulk soils differing by cover crop treatment, season, and edaphic properties in the third year of an organic, conventionally tilled rotation of corn-soybean-wheat planted with winter cover crops. We used Illumina amplicon sequencing fungal assemblages to evaluate effects of nine treatments, each replicated four times, consisting of six single winter cover crop species, a three-species mixture, a six-species mixture, and fallow. Alpha-diversity of fungal communities was not affected by cover crop species identity, function, or diversity. Sampling season influenced community composition as well as genus-level abundances of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Cover crop mixtures, specifically the three-species mixture, had distinct AM fungal community compositions, while cereal rye and forage radish monocultures had unique Core OTU compositions. Soil texture, pH, permanganate oxidizable carbon, and chemical properties including Cu, and P were important variables in models of fungal OTU distributions across groupings. These results showed how fungal composition and potential functions were shaped by cover crop treatment as well as soil heterogeneity.Microbial diversity is an important aspect of soil health, as soil microbial communities mediate many biogeochemical processes and are sensitive to disturbances that can lead to long-lasting ecosystem effects 1 . Greater richness and evenness in the representation of bacteria and fungi in soils can help mitigate plant responses to environmental stressors 2 . With the advent of high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies that allow for more detailed genetic information, we can determine if and how microbial compositions shift in response to disturbance and edaphic differences and, to some degree, what those changes may mean for ecosystem processes.Cover cropping is the practice of growing ground-covering crops during the intervals between successive cash crops. Cover cropping imparts numerous benefits to soil, including the addition of organic carbon (C) from roots, root exudates, and aboveground residues and the improvement of soil structure and tilth 3-5 . Ecosystem services provided by cover crops include protection from soil erosion, enhanced soil water-holding capacity, reduced weed colonization and growth, plant resilience to pathogens and increased crop yield 5,6 . Legume cover crops provide biologically fixed nitrogen (N), while grasses take up excess soil inorganic N and improve N retention. A complete suite of ecosystem services is not deliverable by any one cover crop species. Thus, planting mixtures of cover crops has been proposed as a means to provide varied combinations of ecosystem services based on the functional traits of individual cover crop species 5,7-10 .Cover crops may alter microbial community diversity and function by varying the types and composition of exuded C...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal community shifts in soils with varied cover crop treatments and edaphic properties

Cloutier

Murrell

Barbercheck

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…For instance, Oehl and Koch 37 reported AMF spore communities in conventional tillage are distinct from those in no-tillage systems in a vineyard farm, based on AMF spore morphology. Morimoto et al 38 showed that AMF communities in the roots of subsequent soybean crops differed, depending on their rotation with winter wheat or fallow. Other studies have shown that AMF communities can be shaped in subsequent crops, and the effect of the identity of the host crop is stronger than that of the cover crops 27,39,40 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Amplicon sequencing analysis of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities colonizing maize roots in different cover cropping and tillage systems

Higo

Tatewaki

Iida

et al. 2020

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Our understanding regarding the influence of intensive agricultural practices, including cover cropping and tillage, on communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is lacking. This would prove to be an obstacle in the improvement of current maize (Zea mays L.) production. therefore, using amplicon sequencing, we aimed to clarify how AMF communities and their diversity in maize roots vary under different cover cropping systems and two types of tillage (rotary and no tillage). Two kinds of cover crops (hairy vetch and brown mustard) and fallow treatments were established with rotary or no tillage in rotation with maize crops. Tillage and no tillage yielded a set of relatively common AMF operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the maize crops, representing 78.3% of the total OTUs. The percentage of maize crop OTUs that were specific to only tillage and no tillage were 9.6% and 12.0%, respectively. We found that tillage system significantly altered the AMF communities in maize roots. However, the AMF communities of maize crops among cover cropping treatments did not vary considerably. Our findings indicate that compared with cover cropping, tillage may shape AMF communities in maize more strongly. Growing cover crops and practicing conservation tillage are agricultural practices worldwide that have been recommended to promote soil fertility. In particular, Williams et al. 1 reported that conservation tillage, including reduced or no tillage, modifies water-holding capacity and structure of soil in conservative agricultural systems. In general, conservation tillage can improve soil aggregation, increase the amount of soil organic carbon in the surface layer, and reduce erosion 2,3. Moreover, conservation tillage enhances soil microbial diversity and the abundance of beneficial functional soil microorganisms 3,4. The soil microbial communities stimulated by conservation tillage can play important roles in soil aggregation, soil carbon sequestration, and soil nutrition; improve water use efficiencies; and influence crop yields 5,6. The practice of cover cropping potentially reduces soil and wind erosion 7 , enhances soil organic matter 8 , inhibits weed establishment 9 , and increases the abundance and activity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) 10. Indeed, crops with AMF have a greater capacity to take up phosphorus (P), zinc (Zn), and water 10 than crops without AMF. This greater capacity generally results in robust crop growth under conditions of limited nutrient availability or drought. AMF also contribute to increasing plant resistance against pathogens and help make crops generally healthier 11-13. AMF also contribute to crop health indirectly because of their effects on soil processes in agricultural settings 14,15. In particular, they can contribute to soil health, soil aggregate formation, and soil stability by increasing the soil's nutrient cycling and organic matter content 16,17. However, certain agricultural practices have negative influences on AMF abundance and functions 18,19. For example, convent...

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“…An AM fungi-specific PCR-DGGE analysis was performed as described by Morimoto et al (24). Briefly, 1 μL of template DNA was amplified using primers targeting the AM fungal 18S rRNA genes, GC-AMV4.5NF (forward primer, [31]) and AMVR (reverse primer, [24]).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) is a method that separates DNA fragments based on sequence differences and has been used in the field of molecular ecology since approximately 2000 (37). Previous studies reported the use of PCR-DGGE to identify AM fungi or elucidate AM fungal compositions in the environment (10, 18, 19, 22, 24, 31). In the present study, we applied PCR-DGGE to simplify the identification of isolated AM fungi and check the purity of proliferated AM fungal strains.…”

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PCR-denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis as a Simple Identification Tool of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Isolates

2019

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Due to their obligate symbiotic nature and lack of long-term storage methods, the strain collection of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi requires periodic proliferation using a pot culture with host plants. Therefore, a method to evaluate the purity of proliferated AM fungal cultures is critical for the quality control of their collection. In a simple evaluation of the purity and identity of a proliferated AM fungal culture, DNA extracted from the culture was amplified using AM fungi-specific PCR followed by an analysis with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). The present results showed that the DGGE band patterns of AM fungal strains differed according to their phylogenetic positions, allowing for the rapid and easy identification of the proliferated AM fungal strains. When a culture was contaminated with another AM fungal strain, the DGGE pattern became a mixture of those strains. A contaminant strain was detectable even when its ratio was 1/9 of the main strain. It was also possible to confirm the purity of the culture by comparing whether the DGGE band pattern of the proliferated culture was identical to that obtained from single spores isolated from the culture. Therefore, PCR-DGGE is useful as a quality control tool for maintaining culture collections of AM fungi.

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Effect of winter wheat cover cropping with no-till cultivation on the community structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonizing the subsequent soybean

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Fungal community shifts in soils with varied cover crop treatments and edaphic properties

Fungal community shifts in soils with varied cover crop treatments and edaphic properties

Amplicon sequencing analysis of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities colonizing maize roots in different cover cropping and tillage systems

PCR-denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis as a Simple Identification Tool of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Isolates

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