Effects of prebiotics on the immune response to vaccination in the elderly

Bunout, Daniel; Hirsch, Stefanie; Maza, MP de la; Munoz, C.; Haschke, Ferdinand; Steenhout, Philippe; Klassen, Preston S.; Barrera, Gladis; Gattás, Vivien; Petermann, Marcus

doi:10.1177/0148607102026006372

Cited by 94 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, the percentage of activated T cells (defined as CD3 þ HLA-DR þ ) increased while that of NK T cells (defined as CD3 þ NK þ ) decreased (64) . This mixed picture of effects of b2-1 fructans on blood lymphocyte subsets is similar to that seen in laboratory animals (48,49) .Lymphocyte proliferation to influenza vaccine components was increased in elderly adults supplemented with FOS (62) , but in another study in elderly adults, there was no effect of (60) . Regarding cytokine expression, in elderly nursing home residents, OF supplementation decreased IL-6 mRNA expression in blood mononuclear cells (24) , and in elderly adults resident in long-term care facilities, IL-6 production by stimulated blood mononuclear cells was decreased (63) .…”

supporting

confidence: 72%

“…In the same study, there was no effect of the combination of OF and IN upon salivary secretory IgA levels (60) . In newborn infants supplemented with a mixture of GOS and IN with shorter-chain FOS removed in their formula, an increase in faecal secretory IgA levels was seen (65) , which fits with the findings from animal studies which show an enhancement of the antibody response in the GALT by prebiotics (47,49,51 -53) .…”

Section: Of Nk Cells † Numbers Of Activated T Cells (Cd25)mentioning

confidence: 78%

“…In healthy free-living elderly adults, there was no effect of OF plus IN upon IFN-g and IL-4 secretion by cultured mononuclear cells (60) . This is in contrast to a study in rats that showed an increase in blood measurements of IL-4 (45) .…”

Section: Of Nk Cells † Numbers Of Activated T Cells (Cd25)mentioning

confidence: 86%

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Prebiotics, immune function, infection and inflammation: a review of the evidence

2008

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b2-1 Fructans are carbohydrate molecules with prebiotic properties. Through resistance to digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract, they reach the colon intact, where they selectively stimulate the growth and/or activity of beneficial members of the gut microbiota. Through this modification of the intestinal microbiota, and by additional mechanisms, b2-1 fructans may have beneficial effects upon immune function, ability to combat infection, and inflammatory processes and conditions. In this paper, we have collated, summarised and evaluated studies investigating these areas. Twenty-one studies in laboratory animals suggest that some aspects of innate and adaptive immunity of the gut and the systemic immune systems are modified by b2-1 fructans. In man, two studies in children and nine studies in adults indicate that the adaptive immune system may be modified by b2-1 fructans. Thirteen studies in animal models of intestinal infections conclude a beneficial effect of b2-1 fructans. Ten trials involving infants and children have mostly reported benefits on infectious outcomes; in fifteen adult trials, little effect was generally seen, although in specific situations, certain b2-1 fructans may be beneficial. Ten studies in animal models show benefit of b2-1 fructans with regard to intestinal inflammation. Human studies report some benefits regarding inflammatory bowel disease (four positive studies) and atopic dermatitis (one positive study), but findings in irritable bowel syndrome are inconsistent. Therefore, overall the results indicate that b2-1 fructans are able to modulate some aspects of immune function, to improve the host's ability to respond successfully to certain intestinal infections, and to modify some inflammatory conditions. b2-1 Fructans: Inulin: Oligofructose: Fructo-oligosaccharides: Cytokines Prebiotics have been defined as 'non-digestible food ingredients that beneficially affect the host by selectively stimulating the growth, and/or activity, of one or a limited number of beneficial bacteria in the colon and thus improve host health' (1) . Research on the potential health benefits of prebiotics has occurred over the last 15 years or so, with a recent interest in the effects on the immune system, the host's ability to fight infection, and inflammatory processes and conditions. These effects have been reviewed several times (2 -7) but to our knowledge there are no reviews that bring together all of the available studies in all of the these areas. Thus, the aim of the present article is to describe the structure and dietary sources of prebiotics, and to summarise and evaluate studies investigating the influence of prebiotics on immunity, host defence, and inflammatory processes and conditions.Structure of prebiotics b2-1 Fructans, which include inulin (IN) and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), fulfil the criteria for prebiotics (8) . Other carbohydrates including galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), gluco-oligosaccharides, isomalto-oligosaccharides, lactulose, mannanoligosaccharides (MOS), nigero-oli...

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supporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Of Nk Cells † Numbers Of Activated T Cells (Cd25)mentioning

confidence: 78%

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Prebiotics, immune function, infection and inflammation: a review of the evidence

2008

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“…In a later study by the same research group, these changes in immune parameters were confirmed with supplementation of 2-4 g/day FOS for 12 weeks in a group of older persons at risk of malnutrition (Schiffrin et al, 2007). Bunout et al (2002) investigated the effect of prebiotics on the response to vaccination in elderly. A mixture of inulin and oligofructose (70/30; 6 g/day) did not lead to a changed immunological response in the volunteers aged 470 y.…”

Section: Immune Modulation In Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The bifidogenic effect of inulin and oligofructose and its consequences for gut health

Meyer¹,

2009

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The bifidogenic effect of inulin and oligofructose is now well established in various studies, not only in adult participants but also in other age groups. This bifidogenic shift in the composition of the colonic microbiota is likely the basis for the impact of these prebiotic compounds on various parameters of colonic function. Mainly from animal and in vitro studies and also from some human trials, there are indications, for instance, that inulin-type fructans may reduce the production of potentially toxic metabolites and may induce important immune-mediated effects. This review discusses how these changes in the composition and activity of the colonic microbiota may affect gut health in healthy people, including in those who may experience some form of gastrointestinal discomfort.

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“…For example, studies indicate that test prebiotics could reduce production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-␣ in elderly people [28,70,82]. However, in one study, oligofructose/inulin supplemented with vitamins and protein did not show immuno-regulatory effects in elderly persons [83]. Probiotics may also modulate the immune system of elderly people e.g., L. rhamnosus HN001 [84][85][86][87] and B. lactis HN019 [86,[88][89][90] are well studied strains.…”

Section: Effects On Immune Functionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Impact of high fat diets, prebiotics and probiotics on gut microbiota and immune function, with relevance to elderly populations

Liu¹,

Gibson²,

Walton

2016

NUA

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Abstract. According to WHO, the number of people over 60 years of age is set to rise to 2 billion by 2050. Dysbiosis of microbial composition and impaired immune function have been observed in elderly persons compared to younger adults. As a result, the aging population has a higher disease risk than other age groups. In addition, high fat intakes have been observed to exert negative effects on microbial composition and immune function in murine studies. Elderly people have higher fat intakes than recommended levels, and this may make them more vulnerable to disease risk. Therefore, the impact of high fat consumption on elderly populations may be of relevance. Prebiotics and probiotics have been shown to have positive effects on microbiota composition and immune function in the elderly. This review describes aged-related changes in gut microbiome of elderly persons. It will also summarise studies concerning the impact of prebiotics, probiotics and high fat diets on microbiota composition and immune function.

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Effects of prebiotics on the immune response to vaccination in the elderly

Abstract: No immunological effects of prebiotics were observed in this study.

Cited by 94 publications

References 24 publications

Prebiotics, immune function, infection and inflammation: a review of the evidence

Prebiotics, immune function, infection and inflammation: a review of the evidence

The bifidogenic effect of inulin and oligofructose and its consequences for gut health

Impact of high fat diets, prebiotics and probiotics on gut microbiota and immune function, with relevance to elderly populations

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