Impact of high fat diets, prebiotics and probiotics on gut microbiota and immune function, with relevance to elderly populations

Liu, Yue; Gibson, Glenn R.; Walton, Gemma

doi:10.3233/nua-150058

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…The authors concluded that the results of this trial did not support their hypothesis (probiotics would reduce hepatic steatosis in humans). Notably, the effect of HFD on Bifidobacterium abundance also varies among studies, because some studies report an increased abundance upon HFD feeding [25], while others report a reduction in its abundance [30,39]. Similarly, the role of Lactobacillus is unclear: Jiang et al showed that the abundance of Lactobacillus was increased in the microbiota of NAFLD patients [40], suggesting a role in disease development, whereas probiotic treatment with Lactobacillus has been associated with beneficial effects in clinical NAFLD trials [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet-Independent Correlations between Bacteria and Dysfunction of Gut, Adipose Tissue, and Liver: A Comprehensive Microbiota Analysis in Feces and Mucosa of the Ileum and Colon in Obese Mice with NAFLD

Gart

Lima

Schuren

et al. 2018

IJMS

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Development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is linked to obesity, adipose tissue inflammation, and gut dysfunction, all of which depend on diet. So far, studies have mainly focused on diet-related fecal microbiota changes, but other compartments may be more informative on host health. We present a first systematic analysis of microbiota changes in the ileum and colon using multiple diets and investigating both fecal and mucosal samples. Ldlr−/−.Leiden mice received one of three different energy-dense (ED)-diets (n = 15/group) for 15 weeks. All of the ED diets induced obesity and metabolic risk factors, altered short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and increased gut permeability and NAFLD to various extents. ED diets reduced the diversity of high-abundant bacteria and increased the diversity of low-abundant bacteria in all of the gut compartments. The ED groups showed highly variable, partially overlapping microbiota compositions that differed significantly from chow. Correlation analyses demonstrated that (1) specific groups of bacteria correlate with metabolic risk factors, organ dysfunction, and NAFLD endpoints, (2) colon mucosa had greater predictive value than other compartments, (3) correlating bacteria differed per compartment, and (4) some bacteria correlated with plasma SCFA levels. In conclusion, this comprehensive microbiota analysis demonstrates correlations between the microbiota and dysfunctions of gut, adipose tissue, and liver, independent of a specific disease-inducing diet.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet-Independent Correlations between Bacteria and Dysfunction of Gut, Adipose Tissue, and Liver: A Comprehensive Microbiota Analysis in Feces and Mucosa of the Ileum and Colon in Obese Mice with NAFLD

Gart

Lima

Schuren

et al. 2018

IJMS

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“…A previous study reported that a decrease in faecal pH value in subjects consuming fermented milk containing synbiotic of Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain and galactooligosaccharide for 1 and 2 weeks was attributable to the large production of intestinal organic acids by bacteria (butyric acid, propionic acid, and lactic acid) which later stimulated motility in colon [10]. Accordingly, decrease in faecal pH is affected by the number and activity of microorganisms in the The gut microbiota modulated by probiotics have the ability to ght against pathogenic bacteria by exploiting host' nutrients [28]. Subsequently, probiotics increase short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) in the bacterial colonies to reduce the pH of the colon environment and prevent pH-sensitive bacteria or pathogenic bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae and Clostridia from healthy colon and improve nutrient absorption [10].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gut microbiota modulated by probiotics have the ability to ght against pathogenic bacteria by exploiting host' nutrients [28]. Subsequently, probiotics increase short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) in the bacterial colonies to reduce the pH of the colon environment and prevent pH-sensitive bacteria or pathogenic bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae and Clostridia from healthy colon and improve nutrient absorption [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Intake and Supplementation of Indigenous Probiotic Lactobacillus Plantarum Dad-13 on Body Mass Index, Faecal Short-Chain Fatty Acid, and Gut Microbiota of Undernourished Children in East Lombok, Indonesia

Rahayu¹,

Mustangin²,

Suharman³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Malnutrition has been a global public health problem, jeopardizing children growth and constituting a major cause of death in children in developing countries, including Indonesia. Malnourished person tends to have abnormal gut microbiota. Probiotics supplementation can be considered as one of preventative measures against imbalanced gut microbiota and pathogenic bacteria to enable optimum nutrition absorption. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary intake and supplementation of powder of indigenous probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13 to undernourished children in East Lombok, Indonesia on their body mass index (BMI), faecal short-chain fatty acids and gut microbiota. This study was performed in a Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled design, involving 40 children aged 10-12 years old, with BMI/age ratio ≤ -2 standard deviation (SD). Subjects were randomly divided into two groups namely placebo and probiotic group. The placebo group consumed 1 gram of skimmed milk daily while the probiotic group consumed 1 gram of skimmed milk containing 1x109 CFU/gram of L. plantarum Dad-13 daily, with consumption period of 60 days for both groups. The result showed that dietary intakes of both groups were below recommended value (<70%). Lactobacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium significantly increased after probiotic consumption while Enterobacteriaceae and Klebsiella pneumonia significantly reduced. Short-chain fatty acid (acetate, propionate, butyrate) significantly increased in probiotic group, which consequently lowered pH level. Subsequently, a significant increase was observed in body weight and height in both groups at the end of the study. Only BMI of probiotic group increased after consumption of probiotics.

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“…However, Liu et.al. indicated that older adults often exceed recommended fat intake levels, which can increase their susceptibility to various disease risks [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Assessment of the Nutritional Status among the Young-Old and Old-Old Population with Alimentary-Dependent Diseases

Zhanalina,

Plyasovskaya,

Mkhitaryan

et al. 2024

Medicina

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Background and Objectives: Unhealthy nutrition can contribute to the development or progression of various alimentary-dependent diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, anaemia, and arterial hypertension. Young-old and old-old individuals often have diets deficient in essential vitamins, minerals, and macronutrients, characterized by high consumption of carbohydrate-rich foods and insufficient intake of plant-based products like vegetables and fruits. This study aims to identify key parameters of nutritional status among the young-old (aged 60–74 years) and old-old (aged 75–90 years) populations in central Kazakhstan, particularly in relation to specific alimentary-dependent diseases. Materials and Methods: The study involved 300 participants aged 60−90 years. The study incorporated a dietary questionnaire, food consumption records (such as 24 h recalls), and measurements of anthropometric indicators including weight and skinfold measurements. Results: Residents in the surveyed regions typically consumed food 3–4 times daily, with breakfast, lunch, and dinner being eaten at consistent times. A significant proportion of individuals, especially older adults, followed this meal schedule. About one-third ate before bedtime, and more than half believed they adhere to a specific diet. The mean BMI for men aged 60–74 years was 28.3 (95% CI: 20.1–43.2) and, for those aged 75–90 years, it was 29.0 (95% CI: 22.1–40.8). Caloric intake among individuals aged 60–74 was higher compared to those aged 75–90, with males consuming an average of 2372.7 kcal and females consuming 2236.78 kcal versus 2101.5 kcal for males and 2099.9 kcal for females in the older age group. Conclusions: The dietary patterns observed among old-old individuals were marked by excessive calorie intakes and imbalances in macronutrient composition, with a predominant emphasis on high-carbohydrate foods at the expense of essential nutrients like proteins, fats, and key vitamins (such as C, E, B vitamins) and minerals (such as potassium, calcium, and iron).

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Impact of high fat diets, prebiotics and probiotics on gut microbiota and immune function, with relevance to elderly populations

Cited by 4 publications

References 142 publications

Diet-Independent Correlations between Bacteria and Dysfunction of Gut, Adipose Tissue, and Liver: A Comprehensive Microbiota Analysis in Feces and Mucosa of the Ileum and Colon in Obese Mice with NAFLD

Diet-Independent Correlations between Bacteria and Dysfunction of Gut, Adipose Tissue, and Liver: A Comprehensive Microbiota Analysis in Feces and Mucosa of the Ileum and Colon in Obese Mice with NAFLD

Effects of Dietary Intake and Supplementation of Indigenous Probiotic Lactobacillus Plantarum Dad-13 on Body Mass Index, Faecal Short-Chain Fatty Acid, and Gut Microbiota of Undernourished Children in East Lombok, Indonesia

The Assessment of the Nutritional Status among the Young-Old and Old-Old Population with Alimentary-Dependent Diseases

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