EFFECTS OF PRE-PLANTING TREATMENTS OF GARLIC (Allium sativum L.) CLOVES ON GROWTH AND YIELD UNDER MIDDLE EGYPT CONDITIONS.

Abstract

Two garlic cultivars (Eggaseed 1 and Sids 40) were selected for this study. Pre-sowing treatments of cloves were: cooling at 5 O C for 10 or 20 days, GA3 soaking at 5 ppm for 12 or 24 hrs., water soaking for 12 or 24 hrs. or without treatment (control plants). The obtained results indicated that: 1-Sids 40 cultivar was superior than cv. Eggaseed 1 in regard to plant height, leaf number / plant, fresh weight of vegetative parts and bulb dry matter percentage. On the other hand , there were insignificant differences between cv. Egaseed 1 and Sids 40 concerning the percentage germination after 30 days and 45 days from planting, fresh bulb weight , cured bulb weight , cured bulb diameter, bulbing ratio, fresh and cured yield. 2-Seed cloves treated at low temperature of 5 O C for 10 to 20 days before planting gave the highest values of germination percent after 30 and 45 days from planting and earlier in bulb initiation and maturity but resulted in the lowest yield and yield quality compared to other treatments. Soaking garlic cloves in either water or GA3 at 5 ppm for 24 hrs. proved to be effective in improving almost all the previously mentioned parameters. 3-The interaction of soaking treatments GA3 at 5 ppm for 24 hrs. with either cvs. Sids 40 or Eggassed 1 could be recommended to produce higher yield with better bulb quality under middle Egypt conditions.

Effect of Planting Date and some Pre-Planting Treatments on Growth and Yield of Garlic

“…However, the lowest values of germination percentage, plant length, number of leaves/ plants, nick and bulb diameter, as well as dry weight of leaves, bulb and plant was noticed by the control. Similar results were reported by Rahman et al (2006), Ahmed and Hemada (2012) respect, the highest yield was resulted from D2 followed by D3 in the two seasons. While the lowest values of yield obtained from D1 in both seasons.…”

“…The increases occurred on yield and its components might be attributed to the increase in vegetative growth parameters. These results agree with Ahmed and Hemada (2012) T1: the control, T2: soaking garlic cloves (SGC) in water for 24 hours, T3: SGC in 5 ppm GA3 for 24 h, T4: SGC in water for 24 h and then placing in moist peat-moss for one day, T5: SGC in water for 24 h and then placing in moist peat-moss for two days and T6: SGC in water for 24 h and then placing in moist peat-moss until root initiation.…”

“…Rahman et al (2006) noted that application of GA 3 has the capability to break dormancy and accelerates garlic sprouting. Ahmed and Hemada (2012) indicated that soaking garlic cloves in water or GA 3 at 5 ppm for 24 hours improved vegetative growth, bulb fresh weight, total fresh yield and cured yield. Samy et al (2014) on potato concluded that dipping the tubers in GA 3 caused increasing vegetative growth characters and total tuber yield.…”

Various Pre-planting Clove Seed Treatments Affected Growth, Yield Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Eggaseed-1 Cultivar

“…However, the lowest values of germination percentage after 30 days from planting was noticed by the control (T 7 ) whereas, T 5 exhibited the lowest values for all other traits. Similar results were reported by Rahman et al (2006), Ahmed and Hemada (2012) and El-Shabasi et al (2018) who reported that Sids-40 garlic clove seed soaking in water then placing in moist peatmoss until root initiation could be recommended to produce higher yield with better quality.…”

“…Rahman et al (2006) noted that application of GA 3 has the capability to break dormancy and accelerates garlic sprouting. Furthermore, Ahmed and Hemada (2012) indicated that soaking garlic cloves in water or 5 ppm GA 3 for 24 hours improved vegetative growth, bulb fresh weight, total fresh yield and cured yield. Fekry (2017) stated that soaking garlic cloves in 250 ppm GA 3 for 12 hours as pre sowing treatment increased the morphological traits, yield and its component.…”