Effects of plant-based versus marine-based omega-3 fatty acids and sucrose on brain and liver fatty acids in a mouse model of chemotherapy

Dietary Impacts on Changes in Diversity and Abundance of the Murine Microbiome during Progression and Treatment of Cancer

“…Sucrose, in particular, has been associated with changes in the microbiome and to permeability of the intestinal mucosal barrier, an important factor in maintenance of host immunity [ 53 ]. This study used a high sucrose, low omega-3 diet to simulate common Western dietary patterns, as the Western diet typically involves obtaining fatty acids from plants, rather than marine sources [ 27 ]. While some dietary effects were seen, more investigation is required, as dietary intake and its effects on the microbiome may be much more intricately linked to additional factors, such as genetics and environment.…”

“…The second was a low sucrose, low omega-3 fatty acid diet (LS, LF) with alpha linolenic acid (plant-based) at a low dose to prevent essential fatty acid deficiency; EPA and DHA were not components of the diet. Low omega-3 diets are representative of common fatty acid intakes in Western culture, in which omega-3 fatty acids are typically from plant sources [ 27 ]. Low sucrose diets were constructed in accordance with dietary recommendations [ 26 ].…”

“…All diets used in the experiment were comparable or equivalent in calories, minerals, vitamins, and macronutrient distribution. Diet composition and ingredients were previously described in Ormiston et al, 2021 [ 27 ]. Additional data of mouse body weights, tumor weights, and proportional tumor weight at necropsy, by noted time point, were collected by the Orchard laboratory throughout the project.…”

“…The objective of this study is to determine changes in the richness and diversity of the gut microbiome over the course of cancer and subsequent treatment, dependent on different dietary patterns. This study uses fecal samples as a proxy for analysis, and tracks changes in the microbiome through breast cancer progression and therapy in mice fed diets with various levels of fat and sugar, to emulate dietary recommendations [ 26 ] and common intake levels in a Western diet [ 27 ]. In this study, we follow a timeline of breast cancer onset and progression, to surgical treatment, to chemotherapy.…”

Potential Cardioprotective Effects and Lipid Mediator Differences in Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplemented Mice Given Chemotherapy

“…This is a secondary analysis from a study testing dietary plant and animal-based omega-3 fatty acids, and sucrose on the brain and liver fatty acids in a mouse model of chemotherapy [41]. This study analyzed the hearts of a subpopulation of 36 ovariectomized female C57BL/6J mice (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, DE, USA) to test whether a long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC n-3 PUFA) rich diet (high n-3) can ameliorate the chemotherapy-induced heart damage, and to characterize the fatty acid and lipid mediator differences within the hearts.…”