Effects of Physical (In)activity on Platelet Function

Abstract

As platelet activation is closely related to the liberation of growth factors and inflammatory mediators, platelets play a central role in the development of CVD. Virtually all cardiovascular risk factors favor platelet hyperreactivity and, accordingly, also physical (in)activity affects platelet function. Within this paper, we will summarize and discuss the current knowledge on the impact of acute and habitual exercise on platelet function. Although there are apparent discrepancies regarding the reported effects of acute, strenuous exercise on platelet activation, a deeper analysis of the available literature reveals that the applied exercise intensity and the subjects' cardiorespiratory fitness represent critical determinants for the observed effects. Consideration of these factors leads to the summary that (i) acute, strenuous exercise can lead to platelet activation, (ii) regular physical activity and/or physical fitness diminish or prevent platelet activation in response to acute exercise, and (iii) habitual physical activity and/or physical fitness also favorably modulate platelet function at physical rest. Notably, these effects of exercise on platelet function show obvious similarities to the well-recognized relation between exercise and the risk for cardiovascular events where vigorous exercise transiently increases the risk for myocardial infarction and a physically active lifestyle dramatically reduces cardiovascular mortality.

The effect of tyramine infusion and exercise on blood flow, coagulation and clot microstructure in healthy individuals

“…[33] Additionally, it has previously been shown that the effect of acute exercise on platelet function depends on the intensity of the exercise, with only strenuous exercise temporarily increasing platelet reactivity and moderate exercise being shown to suppress platelet reactivity. [34][35][36] Therefore, whereas the acute high intensity cycling exercise trial in our previous study likely would have resulted in an increase in platelet reactivity, the small muscle mass moderate level exercise undertaken in this study would most likely not. [34][35][36] In this study we show for the first time how the systemic effect of increased levels of noradrenaline alters clot microstructure formation and can promote abnormal clot formation.…”

Bio-field array: a dielectrophoretic electromagnetic toroidal excitation to restore and maintain the golden ratio in human erythrocytes

“…4,5). Rheological alterations are currently linked to morbidities such as: diabetes, hereditary disorders, sickle cell, myocardial infarction, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, sepsis, end stage renal disease, hypertension, strokes, endothelial function, vascular health, hemostasis in athletes and blood transfusions and cancer (Hung et al 1991;Pechan et al 1991;McHedlishvili and Maeda 2001;Ahmad and El-Sayed 2003;Meiselman 2003, 2010;Piagnerelli et al 2003;Babu and Singh 2004;Meiselman et al 2007;Forsyth et al 2012;Serroukh et al 2012;Beck et al 2014;Giovanna 2014;Hierso et al 2014;Buttari et al 2015;Heber and Volf 2015;Ertan et al 2017). Interestingly, we also observed many rheological alterations in our "healthy" pilot study participants (Figs.…”

The combined effects of yogurt and exercise in healthy adults: Implications for biomarkers of depression and cardiovascular diseases

“…Hematological parameters, including WBC, RBC, platelet count, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, MPV, and hemoglobin, are affected by pathological and physiological conditions (Rodak, Frisma, & Keohane, ). In addition, exercise can induce the release of platelets from the spleen and increase the circulating platelet count (Heber & Volf, ). It is interesting that in the exercise group, hemoglobin, MCH, and MCHC decreased significantly.…”