Effects of natural weathering on the properties of recycled polypropylene composites reinforced with rubberwood flour

Homkhiew, Chatree; Ratanawilai, Thanate; Thongruang, Wiriya

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.02.034

Cited by 83 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Wood-plastic composites (WPCs) made from lignocellulosic fibers, thermoplastics, and additives have experienced significant market growth in several applications, including interior components in the automotive industry, door and window frames, decking, cladding, and fencing (Homkhiew et al 2014). Windows made of WPCs show prominent advantages of being green, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly (Defosse 1999), but the ease of cracking and creep still remain problematic in such windows due to their hollow structure (Bledzki and Faruk 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Carbon Black and Titanium Dioxide on Ultraviolet Weathering of Wood Flour-HDPE/Lumber Composites Using Multi-phase Co-extrusion Technology

Wang

Song

2017

BioResources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A new type of wood-plastic/lumber composite (WPLC) was fabricated with laminated veneer lumber as a core, and the traditional wood-plastic composite (WPC) as a shell layer using multi-phase co-extrusion technology. This WPLC was used to manufacture a window frame, and the effects of inorganic pigments (carbon black (CB), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and their mixtures) on the decorative effect and ultraviolet (UV) weathering performance of the shell layer of the window frame were investigated. Weathering variables included UV irradiation duration and water spraying cycles for up to 6000 h. The surface color was analyzed by spectrophotometry during weathering. In addition, a scanning electron microscopy analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyzed the weathering properties of the WPLC shell layer. The results showed that (1) different decorative effects (white, grey, and black color) of the window frames were achieved by incorporating CB, TiO2, and their mixture; (2) the composites incorporated with CB and/or TiO2 exhibited less discoloration and fewer surface cracks; (3) the composites with CB and TiO2 showed a better photo-stability than those with a UV stabilizer (UV326). The overall color change (△E) of the composites incorporated with UV326, TiO2, and CB was 20.0, 11.7, and 10.8, respectively, after 3000 h of weathering; and (4) a combination of CB and TiO2 showed a synergistic effect on alleviating the photo-oxidation process of the WPC shell layers, which confirmed its UV-shielding effect.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Carbon Black and Titanium Dioxide on Ultraviolet Weathering of Wood Flour-HDPE/Lumber Composites Using Multi-phase Co-extrusion Technology

Wang

Song

2017

BioResources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, although the use of coupling agents in the composites' formulation generally enhance their mechanical properties compared to composites made without them (STARK; ROWLANDS, 2003;KARMARKAR et al, 2007;LEI et al, 2007;STAIGER, 2008STAIGER, , 2010KIM et al, 2008;GWON et al, 2010;GUPTA et al, 2012;WANG et al, 2014;HONG et al, 2014;IGARZA et al, 2014;REN et al, 2015;IZZATI ZULKIFLI et al, 2015), the better interaction and adhesion between the polymeric matrix and the fillers provided by compatibilizers were not sufficient to produce composites with specific flexural properties and tensile strength parallel to grain even close to wood. For this purpose, effective ways to enhance their mechanical properties and, consequently, their specific properties, could be used concurrently, such as the selection of polymeric matrices with a determined melt flow index (LU et al, 2006;KIM et al, 2008;HOMKHIEW;RATANAWILAI;THONGRUANG, 2014;TABKHPAZ SARABI et al, 2014), the using of high-aspect-ratio fillers (STARK; ROWLANDS, 2003;KLYOSOV, 2007;ASHORI;NOURBAKHSH, 2010;OZA, 2013) and the incorporation of fibres into the composites with a fixed orientation (JOSEPH et al, 2002;MIGNEAULT et al, 2009;YOO;SPENCER;PAUL, 2011;SINGH et al, 2014;VÄNTSI;KÄRKI, 2014), in spite of randomly oriented fibres.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties: wood lumber versus plastic lumber and thermoplastic composites

Dias

Alvarez

2017

Ambient. constr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstractlastic lumber and thermoplastic composites are sold as alternatives to wood products. However, many technical standards and scientific studies state that the two materials cannot be considered to have the same structural behaviour and strength. Moreover, there are many compositions of thermoplastic-based products and plenty of wood species. How different are their mechanical properties? This study compares the modulus of elasticity and the flexural, compressive, tensile and shear strengths of such materials, as well as the materials' specific mechanical properties. It analyses the properties of wood from the coniferae and dicotyledon species and those of commercialized and experimental thermoplastic-based product formulations. The data were collected from books, scientific papers and manufacturers' websites and technical data sheets, and subsequently compiled and presented in Ashby plots and bar graphs. The high values of the compressive strength and specific compressive and tensile strengths perpendicular to the grain (width direction) shown by the experimental thermoplastic composites compared to wood reveal their great potential for use in compressed elements and in functions where components are compressed or tensioned perpendicularly to the grain. However, the low specific flexural modulus and high density of thermoplastic materials limit their usage in certain civil engineering and building applications. Keywords

show abstract

“…The formations of micro-cracks on LLDPE/PVOH matrices were due to the cyclic expansion and contraction of the samples as a result of inconsistent climate changes. According to Homkhiew et al (2014) and Sarifuddin et al (2014), the formation of surface cracks after weathering were related to the wetting and drying cycle's resulting from daily fluctuation in temperature and humidity. Referring to Figure 7(e), 7(f), 7(h) and 7(i), it is visible that composites with 40 phr KNF (Figure 7(h) & 7(i)) exhibited a highly damage surface with deeper cracks as compared to composites with 10 phr KNF (Figure 7(e) and 7(f)) after weathering.…”

Section: Tensile Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear Low Density Polyethylene/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Kenaf Composites: Effect of Natural Weathering on Functional Group, Weight Loss Characteristics, Tensile, Morphological and Thermal Properties

Pang¹,

Ismail²,

Bakar³

2018

JSM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Effects of natural weathering on the properties of recycled polypropylene composites reinforced with rubberwood flour

Cited by 83 publications

References 37 publications

Effects of Carbon Black and Titanium Dioxide on Ultraviolet Weathering of Wood Flour-HDPE/Lumber Composites Using Multi-phase Co-extrusion Technology

Effects of Carbon Black and Titanium Dioxide on Ultraviolet Weathering of Wood Flour-HDPE/Lumber Composites Using Multi-phase Co-extrusion Technology

Mechanical properties: wood lumber versus plastic lumber and thermoplastic composites

Linear Low Density Polyethylene/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Kenaf Composites: Effect of Natural Weathering on Functional Group, Weight Loss Characteristics, Tensile, Morphological and Thermal Properties

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About