Effects of Iron(III) Dodecylbenzenesulfonate on the Slurry-Phase Hydrocracking of Venezuela Fuel Oil with an Oil-Soluble Mo Catalyst

Abstract

The coke formation, liquid product distribution, alterations in catalytic active sites, and variations of residue colloidal stability were analyzed to investigate the additive effect of iron­(III) dodecylbenzenesulfonate (IDBS) with an oil-soluble Mo catalyst in slurry-phase hydrocracking of Venezuela fuel oil (VFO). Experiments demonstrated that IDBS as well as polyoxyethylenesorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) for comparison could separately promote the amount of suspended coke and reduce the sedimentary coke on the surface of the reactor, while changes in total coke were minor. In the presence of the Mo catalyst, IDBS showed a significant synergy effect with the Mo catalyst on mitigating the coke formation in contrast to Tween 80 and SDBS. The sulfidity of the Mo catalyst and catalytic active centers for hydrogenation were facilitated using IDBS, according to the analyses of the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) determination and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy. In addition, analyses of saturate, aromatic, resin, and asphaltene (SARA) composition, collodial stability parameter (CSP), and coking inducing period, together with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, indicated the improvement of colloidal stability when IDBS was added. Micromorphology and sizes of coke were compared via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser particle size analysis (LPSA), respectively, confirming that the synergism between IDBS and the Mo catalyst decreased the total coke and improved the dispersity of coke in slurry-phase hydrocracking.

Recent Advances in Heavy Oil Upgrading Using Dispersed Catalysts

“…137 The sulfidation occurs at 300−400 °C under a hydrogen pressure of 6.9−17.2 MPa. 12,138 In order to ensure optimum sulfidation, different researches have suggested the implementation of liquid sulfiding agents, such as elemental sulfur, 51 IDBS, 71 and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS). 76 Jeong and Lee 76 showed the effect of employing DMDS as a sulfidation agent to effectively obtain WS 2 dispersed catalyst for VR hydrocracking at 419 °C under a hydrogen pressure of 9.5 MPa.…”

Formation of Ni–MoS3 Hollow Material with Enhanced Activity in Slurry-phase Hydrogenation of Heavy Oil

“…34 The catalytic hydrogenation activity of the catalyst was evaluated by the I value, which could be calculated by formula 4. 35 A larger value of C r or I indicated a better catalytic effect. 16,34…”

“…The expression C r (%) is used to express the relative coke restraining activity of the catalyst, which can be calculated by formula . The catalytic hydrogenation activity of the catalyst was evaluated by the I value, which could be calculated by formula . A larger value of C r or I indicated a better catalytic effect. , …”

Molybdenum Dialkyldithiophosphate as self-sulfurized catalyst precursor in Hydrocracking of Residue

“…Dispersed catalyst precursors formed very fine hydrogenation active particles with high surface area, and were proved to act as the supporters of coke in slurry reactors, which makes it possible to achieve high conversion efficiency of residue with little coke yield [3].…”