2002
DOI: 10.1177/089801002237593
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Effects of Integrating Therapeutic Touch into a Cognitive Behavioral Pain Treatment Program

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of offering Therapeutic Touch (TT) as an adjunct to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for people with chronic pain. Patients were randomized to relaxation training (control group) or TT plus relaxation (experimental). Subsequently, all participants attended a CBT program. Preprogram and postprogram data were examined to identify patterns of change in pain intensity, self-efficacy, unitary power, disability, and perceived distress. In addition, patterns … Show more

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Cited by 25 publications
(6 citation statements)
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References 62 publications
(60 reference statements)
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“…The evaluation of the treatment of chronic pain with cognitive-behavioral therapy in isolation (control group) or associated with TT (experimental group) revealed that randomized patients who received TT had a reduction of 15% in this symptom while the control group had a reduction of 4% (14) . The use of TT compared to no treatment and TT associated with music and guided imagery to evaluate improvement in variables related to a good health status showed that the groups treated with TT presented less stress and greater relaxation (p<0.0003).…”
Section: Studies Comparing or Associating Tt With Other Interventionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The evaluation of the treatment of chronic pain with cognitive-behavioral therapy in isolation (control group) or associated with TT (experimental group) revealed that randomized patients who received TT had a reduction of 15% in this symptom while the control group had a reduction of 4% (14) . The use of TT compared to no treatment and TT associated with music and guided imagery to evaluate improvement in variables related to a good health status showed that the groups treated with TT presented less stress and greater relaxation (p<0.0003).…”
Section: Studies Comparing or Associating Tt With Other Interventionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Even though many studies evaluate the use of TT in isolation, clinical trials have investigated the effectiveness of this strategy in comparison to or in association with other interventions already used in clinical practice, such as: progressive muscle relaxation (6) , massage (8) , cognitivebehavioral therapy (14) , music and guided imagery (15) . In the comparison between TT and progressive muscle relaxation in the reduction of pain and stress in patients with neuropathic pain (6) , the authors found pain improved when TT was implemented (p=0.035), in addition to greater satisfaction with life; the latter showed no statistical significance (p=0.27).…”
Section: Studies Comparing or Associating Tt With Other Interventionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, negative findings have also been reported. One study found that progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) was more effective than TT for pain related to degenerative arthritis [35], another found that TT was not superior to education for fibromyalgia pain [36], and a third found that TT was not more beneficial than relaxation when both were delivered as adjuncts to CBT in 12 patients with mixed chronic pain [37]. In general, the quality of the positive studies was poor because of numerous methodological limitations (e.g., insufficient sample size).…”
Section: Therapeutic Touch/healing Touchmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Embora nos últimos anos, a quantidade de estudos voltados para a investigação do efeito do TT sobre a dor venha aumentando (MARTA et al, 2010;COAKLEY;DUFFY, 2010;MONROE, 2009;MCCORMACK, 2009;WARDELL et al, 2006;POST-WHITE et al, 2003;ARNSTEIN;WELLS-FEDERMAN, 2002) ainda que os autores apresentem efeitos positivos e estatisticamente significativos, entre as principais críticas encontradas na literatura para o reconhecimento da efetividade desta terapia complementar, estão as alegação de que se trata de efeito placebo ou da influência da empatia do paciente para com o pesquisador (ERNEST, 2004), ou ainda que a falta de rigor metodológico e de resultados estatisticamente significativos em todos os estudos não permitem considerar os resultados encontrados (PETERS, 1999). Estudos realizados com número maior de animais permitirão verificar diferenças na medida desta variável relacionadas ao método.…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…A agitação em idosos com doenças crônicas como demência (WANG; HERMANN, 2006) e Alzheimer (HAWRANIK; JOHNSTON; DEATRICH, 2008) tem sido reduzidas com a aplicação de TT. Os resultados revelaram que o TT foi considerado efetivo no tratamento deste sintoma em ambos os casos (p=0,001 e p˂0,005, respectivamente), embora não tenha havido padronização na frequência das sessões, que variaram entre uma vez ao dia por oito semanas (WANG; HERMANN, 2006) e uma vez ao dia por cinco dias (HAWRANIK; JOHNSTON; DEATRICH, 2008).Recentemente estudos clínicos tem investigado a efetividade do TT comparado ou associado a outras intervenções já utilizadas na prática clínica, tais como relaxamento muscular progressivo(WARDELL et al, 2006), massagem(POST-WHITE et al, 2003), terapia cognitivo-comportamental (SMITH; ARNSTEIN; WELLS-FEDERMAN, 2002), música e imagem guiada(WILKINSON et al, 2002).Na comparação entre TT e relaxamento muscular progressivo para a redução da dor e do estresse de pacientes com dor neuropática (WARDELL;RINTALA;DUAN, 2006) os autores encontraram melhora da dor a favor do TT (p=0,035), além de melhora na satisfação com a vida, esta última sem significância estatística (p=0,27). A ausência de significância estatística foi atribuída a limitações no número amostral.Estudando-se o TT juntamente com a massagem para o tratamento de pacientes oncológicos(POST-WHITE et al, 2003), ambas as intervenções tem se mostrado efetivas na redução da frequência respiratória (p˂0,001), frequência cardíaca (p˂0,001) e pressão arterial diastólica (p˂0,001).…”
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