Effects of hybridization and hybrid fibre dispersion on the mechanical properties of woven flax-carbon epoxy at low carbon fibre volume fractions

Review on Hybrid Carbon/Flax Composites and Their Properties

“…The assessment of this data shows that since all of the combinations offer certain benefits, there is no certain tendency regarding the densities of the textiles hybridised in one composite. As an example, a carbon/flax composite with a thin plainweaved carbon textile (197 g/m 2 ) can be combined with a thick hopsack-weaved flax textile (500 g/m 2 ) [25], or vice versa, a thick carbon prepreg (476 g/m 2 ) is used together with a thin flax prepreg (190 g/m 2 ) [13]. In order to make a more precise statement regarding the beneficial type and density of carbon and flax reinforcements for the manufacture of the hybrid composites, the individual cases should be analyzed with regard to the overall number of the textile plies used, the stacking sequences, and the fiber content.…”

“…Various modelling approaches have been studied in order to predict the properties of the hybrid carbon-/flax-epoxy composites: rule of mixtures [17], rule of hybrid mixtures [18,25], Halpin-Tsai method [17], and finite element analysis [14,24]. These approaches can be described briefly as follows:…”

“…The solution of these equations enables calculation of the load at each individual finite element. [62] These models have been used in order to study mechanical [17,18,25] and damping properties [14,18,24] of the reported carbon/flax fiber hybrid composites. In general, all of the predicted values show good agreement with the experimental results.…”

“…Moreover, the specific strength of these hybrid composites is higher than that of aluminium. [25] 2018…”

“…International Journal of Polymer Science own internal standards, which may significantly differ from one another. The review of the reported studies on the carbon/flax composites shows that in the cases where the predrying of flax takes place, the conditions vary from drying at 60°C for 15 min [21] to drying at 110°C for 1 h [24] or at 80°C for 24 h [22] or at 90°C for 3 h [25]. Certainly, these differences have a certain influence on the properties of the resulting composites, because drying affects the mechanical properties of the natural fibers themselves.…”