Effects of fungal (Aspergillus nigerorCeriporiopsis subvermispora) fermentation on the nutritive value of shea nut (Vitellaria paradoxa) meal for broiler chicks

Abstract

. Effects of fungal (Aspergillus niger or Ceriporiopsis subvermispora) fermentation on the nutritive value of shea nut (Vitellaria paradoxa) meal for 'broiler chicks.

Local agro-industrial by-products with potential use in Ghanaian aquaculture: a review

“…This product is largely regarded as a waste material in Ghana and usually disposed of by incineration (Ansah et al 2011). There have been some trials in Ghana using shea nut meal in feeds for pigs (Rhule 1995(Rhule , 1999Okai and Boateng 2007), poultry (Atuahene et al 1998;Dei et al 2008;Zanu et al 2012), sheep (Konlan et al 2012) and rabbits (Ansah et al 2011). Aside a few works in Ghana and Nigeria, there is very little published information on the use of shea nut meal in fish diets.…”

“…If approximately half of the total annual shea nut produced in Ghana is processed locally, it was estimated that about 20,000 T of shea nut meal was produced in 2012. Despite its availability and potential to supply significant amounts of dietary protein and energy to the livestock sector in Ghana, shea nut meal is presently very much underutilised (Dei et al 2008). This product is largely regarded as a waste material in Ghana and usually disposed of by incineration (Ansah et al 2011).…”

“…Prah (2012) reported a significant increase in crude protein content of shea nut meal from 13.6 to 20.0 % with crude fibre content reducing from 5.2 to 3.89 % after 8 weeks of fermentation with the macrofungus Pleurotus ostreatus. Shea nut meal contains several ANFs including phenolics, tannins, saponins and alkaloids (theobromine) and must be processed before utilisation as animal feed (Atuahene et al 1998;Dei et al 2008). Various methods to detoxify sheatnut meal have been proposed, including hot water treatment (Okai et al 1995), fermentation (Dei et al 2008) and NaOH treatment (Annongu et al 1996).…”

“…Shea nut meal contains several ANFs including phenolics, tannins, saponins and alkaloids (theobromine) and must be processed before utilisation as animal feed (Atuahene et al 1998;Dei et al 2008). Various methods to detoxify sheatnut meal have been proposed, including hot water treatment (Okai et al 1995), fermentation (Dei et al 2008) and NaOH treatment (Annongu et al 1996). Hot water treatment, however, results in considerable loss of dry matter (Dei et al 2008).…”

“…Shea nut meal, which is the main by-product obtained from the shea butter processing industries in Ghana accounts for about 55 % of the kernel and is increasingly available in large quantities for feeding animals (Dei et al 2008;Heuzé and Tran 2011). If approximately half of the total annual shea nut produced in Ghana is processed locally, it was estimated that about 20,000 T of shea nut meal was produced in 2012.…”