Effects of fruit load, shading, and 9,10-ketol-octadecadienoic acid (KODA) application on MdTFL1 and MdFT1 genes in apple buds

Kittikorn, M.; Okawa, Katsuya; Ohara, Hitoshi; Kotoda, Nobuhiro; Wada, Masato; Yokoyama, Mineyuki; Ifuku, Ohji; Kondo, Satoru

doi:10.1007/s10725-010-9538-x

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Nevertheless, a similar reduction in MdTFL1‐1 expression occurred in trees with HFL (Figure g). Using semi‐quantitative RT‐PCR, others have reported an effect of fruit load on this gene's expression in apices of 1‐year‐old shoots (Kittikorn et al ., ). Here, MdTFL1‐1 levels decreased more rapidly in trees with HFL (Figure g); this difference could not explain why these BS apices remain vegetative.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Different flowering response to various fruit loads in apple cultivars correlates with degree of transcript reaccumulation of a TFL1‐encoding gene

et al. 2016

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SUMMARYIn many perennial fruit trees, flowering in the year following a year with heavy fruit load can be quite limited. This biennial cycle of fruiting, termed alternate bearing, was described 170 years ago in apple (Malus domestica). Apple inflorescences are mainly found on short branches (spurs). Bourse shoots (BS) develop from the leaf axils of the spur. BS apices may terminate~100 days after flowering, with formation of next year's inflorescences. We sought to determine how developing fruit on the spur prevents the adjacent BS apex from forming an inflorescence. The presence of adjacent fruit correlated with reaccumulation of transcript encoding a potential flowering inhibitor, MdTFL1-2, in BS apices prior to inflorescence initiation. BS apices without adjacent fruit that did not flower due to late fruitlet removal, neighbouring fruit on the tree, or leaf removal, also reaccumulated the MdTFL1-2 transcript. Fruit load and gibberellin (GA) application had similar effects on the expression of MdTFL1-2 and genes involved in GA biosynthesis and metabolism. Some apple cultivars are less prone to alternate bearing. We show that the response of a BS apex to different numbers of adjacent fruit differs among cultivars in both MdTFL1-2 accumulation and return flowering. These results provide a working model for the further study of alternate bearing, and help clarify the need for cultivar-specific approaches to reach stable fruit production.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Different flowering response to various fruit loads in apple cultivars correlates with degree of transcript reaccumulation of a TFL1‐encoding gene

et al. 2016

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“…In 'Fuji' apple tree (36° north latitude, 139° west longitude and 747 meter above sea level) found no difference in flowering locus T (MdFT1) gene expression (MiFT homolog) in apical buds of shaded and sunny buds but the expression of MiTFL1 (floral repressor) was higher in shaded shoots (Kittikorn et al, 2011), results that do not coincide with our study, despite results in apple, were obtained in different species and tissue and shading was only 50% and in the present study conducted under field conditions very different from those of apple tree (21° north latitude 105° west longitude, 150 m), at least on the north side, the shade was about 90%.…”

Section: Temperature and Precipitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…sombreados (Kittikorn et al, 2011), resultados que no coinciden con nuestro estudio, no obstante los resultados en manzano, se obtuvieron en diferente especie y tejido y el sombreo fue de solo 50%, y en el presente estudio realizado bajo condiciones de campo muy diferentes a las de manzano (21° latitud norte 105° longitud oeste, 150 msnm), al menos de lado norte, el sombreo fue cerca de 90 %.…”

Section: Temperature and Precipitationunclassified

Ambiente y reguladores de crecimiento en la expresión de Flowering Locus T en mango

Barraza¹,

Gutiérrez-Espinosa²,

Cano-Medrano³

et al. 2017

Remexca

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ResumenLa cuantificación y expresión de genes relacionados con floración constituye una herramienta importante para entender este proceso. Trabajos realizados en Arabidopsis spp. han servido como base para estudios moleculares en frutales. El objetivo fue cuantificar la expresión del gen flowering locus T (MiFT) en mango 'Ataulfo' y su relación con ambiente y reguladores de crecimiento. Se llevaron a cabo dos experimentos: 1) se aplicaron árboles con 2 500 mg L -1 de paclobutrazol (PBZ) en una sola aplicación (1X) a 30 días después de la poda (ddp). Se colectaron hojas maduras de septiembre a diciembre 2013 y enero a febrero 2014 bajo condiciones de sol y sombreadas. Experimento 2: se aplicaron reguladores de crecimiento, PBZ (2 500 mg L -1 , 1X), Prohexadiona de calcio (P-Ca) (500 mg L -1 , 3X) y ácido giberélico (250 mg L -1 , 1X). Se cuantificó la expresión MiFT, se evaluó el número y tipo de crecimiento emergido en floración, temperatura y precipitación. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar con arreglo factorial en experimento 1 y completamente AbstractThe quantification and expression of genes related to flowering is an important tool to understand this process. Studies carried out in Arabidopsis ssp. have served as a basis for molecular studies in fruit trees. The objective was to quantify the expression of the gene flowering locus T (MiFT) in 'Ataulfo' mango and its relationship with environment and growth regulators. Two experiments were carried out: 1) trees with 2 500 mg L -1 of paclobutrazol (PBZ) were applied in a single application (1X) at 30 days after pruning (ddp). The mature leaves were collected from September to December 2013 and January to February 2014 under sunny and shaded conditions. Experiment 2: growth regulators, PBZ (2 500 mg L -1 , 1X), calcium prohexadione (P-Ca) (500 mg L -1 , 3X) and gibberellic acid (250 mg L -1 , 1X) were applied. The expression MiFT was quantified, the number and type of growth emerged in flowering, temperature and precipitation were evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized with factorial arrangement in experiment 1 and completely randomized in experiment 2. al azar en el experimento 2. MiFT se expresó en todos los meses muestreados, la expresión varió de 0.3 hasta 31.4%. Por otra parte, al evaluar la expresión del gen con respecto a la orientación del brote, los resultados fueron de 0.081% el lado sombreado y 12% el soleado. Brotes soleados presentaron el mayor porcentaje de floración (66%). MiFT se expresó en hojas tratadas con PBZ y P-Ca, la mayor expresión fue en diciembre, mes más frío, con 4.7 y 30.3%, respectivamente, lo que favoreció floración. Giberelinas inhibió la expresión del gen y por ende floración.Palabras claves: Mangifera indica L., expresión de genes, floración, reguladores de crecimiento. IntroducciónActualmente, la identificación, cuantificación y expresión de genes relacionados con floración constituye una herramienta importante para entender el proceso desde inducción, iniciación y diferenciación floral en ...

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“…A more detailed analysis with narrower sampling intervals will be required for further discussion on the timing. Kittikorn et al (2011) reported that KODA may be related to flower bud formation through its influence on MdTFL1, which is a TFL1 homologue in apple. Our results for PnTFL1b may conflict with what was reported for MdTFL1.…”

Section: Effects Of Koda Application On the Expression Of Flowering-rmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the effects of KODA on genes related to flowering are poorly understood. Kittikorn et al (2011) showed the expression levels of the TFL1 homologue, MdTFL1 mRNA, are decreased by KODA application in apple. To the best of our knowledge, this is the only report on changes in gene expression caused by KODA.…”

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confidence: 96%

Effects of 9,10-ketol-octadecadienoic acid (KODA) application on single and marginal short-day induction of flowering in Pharbitis nil cv. Violet

Ono

Kataoka

Yokoyama

et al. 2013

Plant Biotechnology

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Seedlings of the Japanese morning glory (Pharbitis nil, formerly Ipomoea nil) cv. Violet are induced to flower by a single short day treatment, and endogenous levels of 9,10-ketol-octadecadienoic acid (KODA) in cotyledons were found to correlate with this mode of short-day induction. When 100 µM KODA solution was sprayed on 7-day-old seedlings before and after a marginal short-day induction, the seedlings bore approximately 4 flower buds, a one-bud increase compared with control seedlings. In treated seedlings, the second node most commonly bore the first flower bud, one node lower than in the control seedlings. We then used RT-PCR to determine expression levels of 10 genes related to photoperiodic induction of flowering. In the cotyledons, no differences were observed in expression of any genes, including P. nil FLOWERING TIME LOCUS T (PnFT1 and PnFT2), between the KODA-treated and the control seedlings. In the apical buds, P. nil APETALA1 (PnAP1) was expressed earlier in the KODA-treated seedlings than in the control seedlings. A decrease in the expression of P. nil TERMINAL FLOWER1b (PnTFL1b) was also observed in the KODA-treated seedlings. These results suggest that KODA acts as a weak enhancer of flower bud formation.

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Effects of fruit load, shading, and 9,10-ketol-octadecadienoic acid (KODA) application on MdTFL1 and MdFT1 genes in apple buds

Cited by 22 publications

References 21 publications

Different flowering response to various fruit loads in apple cultivars correlates with degree of transcript reaccumulation of a TFL1‐encoding gene

Different flowering response to various fruit loads in apple cultivars correlates with degree of transcript reaccumulation of a TFL1‐encoding gene

Ambiente y reguladores de crecimiento en la expresión de Flowering Locus T en mango

Effects of 9,10-ketol-octadecadienoic acid (KODA) application on single and marginal short-day induction of flowering in Pharbitis nil cv. Violet

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