Effects of four commonly used UV filters on the growth, cell viability and oxidative stress responses of the Tetrahymena thermophila

Evaluation of the estrogenic and oxidative stress effects of the UV filter 3-benzophenone in zebrafish (Danio rerio) eleuthero-embryos

“…For example, Hanson et al (2006) previously reported that 3BP produces ROS in human skin. In addition, Gao et al (2013) indicated that 3BP treatment (1 mg/L) in Tetrahymena thermophila, a protozoan, increased CAT activity and total glutathione, but they found no changes in GPx or SOD activities.…”

Hepatic oxidative stress biomarker responses in freshwater fish Carassius auratus exposed to four benzophenone UV filters

“…Grabicova et al found,after 42 days of UV filter 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonicacid (PBSA) exposure in rainbow trout liver, the catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were not significantly different between the control group and the group that was exposed to the highest concentration of PBSA (1000 mg L À 1 ), and no pathological changes were obvious in the liver or gonads (Grabicova et al, 2013). Gao et al observed increased CAT activity in the Tetrahymena thermophile exposed to 1.0 μg L À 1 BP-3, while no significant changes of the SOD activity (Gao et al, 2013). Therefore, we attempted to test the hypothesis whether these environmentally important benzophenones induce oxidative stress in fish.…”

Effects of triclosan and triclocarban on the growth inhibition, cell viability, genotoxicity and multixenobiotic resistance responses of Tetrahymena thermophila

“…The growth inhibition test was performed as described in our previous study (Gao et al, 2013). Briefly, 5 mL of the 24 h pre-culture T. thermophila cells were transferred to 45 mL of sterile medium in a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask.…”

“…Tetrahymena is a ubiquitous freshwater ciliated protozoan, which has been extensively investigated and is increasingly being used in toxicology studies because of its sensitivity to diverse pollutants and toxic agents (Gao et al, 2013;Lang and Kohidai, 2012;Feng et al, 2014). Furthermore, Tetrahymena thermophila shares a higher degree of functional conservation with human genes than other microbial model eukaryotic microorganisms (Turkewitz et al, 2002).…”