Effects of feeding blends of grains naturally contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins on production and metabolism in broilers

Abstract

Three hundred sixty, 1-d-old male broiler chicks were fed diets containing grains naturally contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins for 56 d. The four diets included control (0.14 mg/kg deoxynivalenol, 18 mg/ kg fusaric acid, < 0.1 mg/kg zearalenone), low level of contaminated grains (4.7 mg/kg deoxynivalenol, 20.6 mg/kg fusaric acid, 0.2 mg/kg zearalenone), and high level of contaminated grains without (8.2 mg/kg deoxynivalenol, 20.3 mg/kg fusaric acid, 0.56 mg/kg zearalenone) and with (9.7 mg/kg deoxynivalenol, 21.6 mg/kg fusaric acid, 0.8 mg/kg zearalenone) 0.2% esterified-glucomannan polymer derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae1026 (E-GM). Body weight gain and feed consumption responded in a significant quadratic fashion to the inclusion of contaminated grains during the finisher period. Efficiency of feed utilization, however, was not affected by diets. The feeding of contaminated grains in the finisher period also caused significant linear increases in blood erythrocyte count and serum uric acid concentration and a significant linear decline in the serum lipase activity. Dietary inclusion of contaminated grains resulted in a significant quadratic effect on serum albumin and y-glutamyltransferase activity. Blood hemoglobin and biliary IgA concentrations, however, responded in significant linear and quadratic fashions. Supplementation of E-GM counteracted most of the blood parameter alterations caused by the Fusarium mycotoxin-contaminated grains and reduced breast muscle redness. It was concluded that broiler chickens may be susceptible to Fusarium mycotoxicoses when naturally contaminated grains are fed containing a combination of mycotoxins.

Effect of esterified glucomannan on broilers exposed to natural mycotoxin-contaminated diets

“…The reduced performance of chickens using contaminated corn without binder in this trial may be related to the decreased efficiency of feed utilization (Girish et al 2008), OTA existence as a potential mycotoxin (Duff et al 1987) and chronic exposure of chickens to aflatoxin (Resanović et al 2009) which affected FI and subsequently decreased BWG. Similar reports were found in the research of Swamy et al (2002Swamy et al ( , 2004 and Aravind et al (2003). On the other hand, this performance decrease may be in part attributed to the synergetic effects between different mycotoxins (Huff et al 1984).…”

Fusarium mycotoxin-contaminated wheat containing deoxynivalenol alters the gene expression in the liver and the jejunum of broilers

“…IL-6 seems to be critical for the regulation of immunoglobulin (Ig)A. In broilers fed with 7 to 9.2 mg DON/kg feed, the biliary IgA concentration was decreased (Swamy et al, 2002). AzconaOlivera et al (1995) showed an increased expression of IL-1b, IL-6 and TNF-a mRNA in mice exposed to a 25 mg DON/kg diet.…”

Effect of dietary esterified glucomannan on performance of broilers exposed to aflatoxin

“…E-GM showed considerably high binding ability (80-97%) with AF (Mahesh and Devegowda, 1996), and it has been preferred for detoxification of AF in poultry species. E-GM was also used for detoxification of other mycotoxins such as zearalenone (Swamy et al, 2002) and aurofusarin (Dvorska and Surai, 2004). A study was therefore planned to assess the toxic effects of AF (1ppm) on growth performance of broiler chicks and to evaluate the preventive effects of E-GM at the dietary concentration of 1 g/kg (0.1%).…”