Effects of Farm Manure-Handling Practices on Escherichia coli O157 Prevalence in Cattle

Hancock, Dale D.; Rice, Daniel H.; Herriott, Donald E.; Besser, Thomas E.; Ebel, Eric D.; Carpenter, Linda V.

doi:10.4315/0362-028x-60.4.363

Cited by 79 publications

(62 citation statements)

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“…The presence and persistence of STEC, and in particular of EHEC O157, in these products may therefore be an important factor in the initial infection and re-infection of cattle [79,92]. On the contrary, when cattle manure or slurry are applied on farmland in the production of food crops that are to be consumed in the raw or minimally processed state, appropriate handling of these products is necessary to control the spread of potentially present STEC and limit the risks of human infection [66,77]. Cattle manure composting before its spread onto land may reduce the risk of transmission of STEC through contaminated vegetables [80,81,101].…”

Section: Persistence In Faeces and Manurementioning

confidence: 99%

Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli: emerging issues on virulence and modes of transmission

et al. 2005

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-Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) constitute a subset of serotypes (E. coli O157 and some other serogroups) of Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing E. coli (STEC) firmly associated with severe human illnesses like bloody diarrhoea and haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Stx production is essential but not sufficient for EHEC virulence. Most strains are capable of colonising the intestinal mucosa of the host with the "attaching and effacing" mechanism, genetically governed by a large pathogenicity island (PAI) defined as the Locus of Enterocyte Effacement. Other virulence factors carried by mobile genetic elements like PAI and plasmids have been recently described, and their role in the pathogenic process has not been fully elucidated. EHEC are zoonotic pathogens. They rarely cause disease in animals, and ruminants are recognised as their main natural reservoir. Cattle are considered to be the most important source of human infections with EHEC O157, and the ecology of the organism in cattle farming has been extensively studied. The organism has also been reported in sheep, goats, water buffalos, and deer. Pigs and poultry are not considered to be a source of EHEC and the sporadic reports may derive from accidental exposure to ruminant dejections. The epidemiology of EHEC infections has remarkably changed during the past ten years and an increasing number of unusual food vehicles have been associated with human infections. New routes of transmission have emerged, like contact with animals during farm visits and a wide variety of environment-related exposures. As for other zoonotic agents, having animals and raw products that are free from EHEC is not possible in practice. However, their occurrence can be minimised by applying high standards of hygiene in all the steps of the food production chain.

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Section: Persistence In Faeces and Manurementioning

confidence: 99%

Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli: emerging issues on virulence and modes of transmission

et al. 2005

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“…Hancock et al (1994) reported a tentative association between applying slurry to grazing land and the E. coli O157:H7 infection status of the herd. Subsequent studies, however, reported no association between manure application to pastures or forage crops for cattle and E. coli O157:H7 fecal shedding by cattle Hancock et al 1997b). More recently, a study by Bolton et al (1999) indicated that current waste management practices such as spreading manure on pastureland may increase the carriage rate of E. coli O157:H7 in herds.…”

Section: Manurementioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission and control of Escherichia coli O157:H7 — A review

Bach¹,

McAllister²,

Veira³

et al. 2002

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

126

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. 2002. Transmission and control of Escherichia coli O157:H7 -A review. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 82: [475][476][477][478][479][480][481][482][483][484][485][486][487][488][489][490]. Escherichia coli 157:H7 has evolved as an important foodborne pathogen since its initial description in 1982. Outbreaks of illness associated with E. coli O157:H7 have been reported throughout the northern hemisphere, most frequently in Canada, the United States, Japan, and the United Kingdom. In Canada, infections due to E. coli O157:H7 appear to be more common in the western provinces than in the east, in rural vs. urban environments, and during summer as opposed to winter months. Undercooked ground beef has been implicated as the primary vehicle in E. coli O157:H7 infection, but contaminated fruits, vegetables and water have also been linked to E. coli O157:H7 outbreaks. Epidemiological investigations demonstrate that dairy and beef cattle are primary reservoirs of this organism, carrying it asymptomatically and shedding it intermittently and seasonally in their feces. Surveys in Canada and the United States indicate widespread distribution of E. coli O157:H7 in cattle operations. The prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in cattle has been increasing in recent reports, likely due to the development of more sensitive methods for the detection of the organism. Escherichia coli O157:H7 has been isolated from feed, water for livestock, manure, soil and flies, all of which represent potential sources of contamination for cattle and their environment. To date, effective methods for controlling E. coli O157:H7 in cattle have not been identified, although dietary manipulation, vaccination and bacteriophage therapy have been reported to have potential as intervention strategies. Effective control of E. coli O157:H7 requires reducing the frequency and intensity of fecal shedding of this pathogen by cattle, in addition to targeting environmental sources of the organism.

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“…2,10,13 In North America, only 2 cases of infection by this organism have been documented in domestic animals (a dog and a goat), both from Oregon. 11,12 The infection, however, is not uncommon in wildlife and has been reported in mice, moles, rats, rabbits, ground squirrels, weasels, martens, minks, armadillos, wallabies, skunks, and opossums.…”

Section: Pulmonary Adiaspiromycosis In Raccoons (Procyon Lotor) From mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Escherichia Coli O157 and Other Shiga-Toxin-Producing E. Coli in Lambs at Slaughter

et al. 1999

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Effects of Farm Manure-Handling Practices on Escherichia coli O157 Prevalence in Cattle

Cited by 79 publications

References 0 publications

Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli: emerging issues on virulence and modes of transmission

Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli: emerging issues on virulence and modes of transmission

Transmission and control of Escherichia coli O157:H7 — A review

Prevalence of Escherichia Coli O157 and Other Shiga-Toxin-Producing E. Coli in Lambs at Slaughter

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