Effects of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy on Renal Function in Patients with Kidney Stone Disease

Rutz-Danielczak, Aleksandra; Pupek-Musialik, Danuta; Raszeja-Wanic, B

doi:10.1159/000045019

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…This protein is the light chain of the class I major histocompatibility antigens [13]. Determination of serum β 2 -m and the urine β 2 -m concentration is used to evaluate renal function in man [3,9]. The determination of β 2 -m has been carried out by radioimmunoassay [4], enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA) [2] and immunoturbidimetry [1], but there are no reports on the measurement of β 2 -m concentrations in dog body fluids.…”

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confidence: 99%

Determination of Canine .BETA.2-Microgloblin in Plasma and Urine by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay.

Nakajima

Hoshi

Higuchi

et al. 2001

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed for the determination of canine β 2 -microglobulin (β 2 -m) in plasma and urine. The detectable sensitivity for pure canine β 2 -m was 0.05 µg/l and the analytical range was 0.1 to 50 µg/l. The mean analytical recovery when pure canine β 2 -m was added to normal plasma was 101.9%. The mean analytical recovery in the urine was 102.1%. The intra-day variation coefficient was 3.1% in plasma, 4.3% in serum and 1.9% in urine. No difference was found between the concentration of β 2 -m in plasma and serum (n=17). The concentration of β 2 -m in the plasma of normal dogs was 1.82 ± 0.57 mg/l (n=31). The mean excretion in 24 hr urine collected from normal dogs was 17.6 ± 9.2 µg/l, 0.22 ± 0.12 µg/kg of body weight or 14.2 ± 9.4 µg/g of urine creatinine. The β 2 -m creatinine index of random urine samples was 23.5 ± 16.6 µg/g (n=26). There was a close correlation between the β 2 -m creatinine index of 24 hr urine samples and that of random urine samples (r= 0.872). KEY WORDS: canine, ELIS, β 2 -microglobulin.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 63(3): 343-345, 2001 β 2 -microglobulin (β 2 -m) is a low molecular weight protein that is present on the surface of all nucleated cells [12]. This protein is the light chain of the class I major histocompatibility antigens [13]. Determination of serum β 2 -m and the urine β 2 -m concentration is used to evaluate renal function in man [3,9]. The determination of β 2 -m has been carried out by radioimmunoassay [4], enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA) [2] and immunoturbidimetry [1], but there are no reports on the measurement of β 2 -m concentrations in dog body fluids. In this study, we developed an ELISA test for determination of β 2 -m in the plasma, serum and urine of dogs.Purified canine β 2 -m and antiserum were prepared in our laboratory. The protocol used for isolation of canine β 2 -m from the urine was reported previously [11]. For preparation of antiserum, a rabbit was immunized by the injection of 1 mg of β 2 -m with complete Freund's adjuvant (ORGA-NON TECHNIKA Co., Belgium) intracutaneously into its back. The rabbit was injected every three weeks for a total of 3 times. The IgG fraction of the antiserum was precipitated with ammonium sulfate and then purified by means of an Econo-Pac Protein A Cartridge (Bio-Rad Laboratories, U.S.A.) according to Tarditi et al. [14]. The purified IgG was dialyzed against ammonium acetate buffer (pH 8.6, 4°C), lyophilized and stored at 4°C. The IgG fraction was conjugated with biotin (biotinyl-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, EY Laboratories, U.S.A.) by a method similar to that of Guesdon et al. [5].Blood samples were obtained from 32 normal dogs. Plasma was isolated from 3 ml of whole blood, with heparin as anticoagulant. In addition, simultaneous serum samples were taken from 17 dogs. Twenty-four hour urine samples and random urine samples were collected from 26 normal dogs, and each urine sample was stored in several PE-tubes. Five µl of Tween 20 (Kantokagaku Co., Ltd., Japan) was added to ...

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Determination of Canine .BETA.2-Microgloblin in Plasma and Urine by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay.

Nakajima

Hoshi

Higuchi

et al. 2001

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Increased β2-m urinary excretion is associated with renal diseases characterized by tubular damage [21]. Since then extensive clinical studies have been carried out, and the determination of urinary β2-m is now important for the evaluation of renal tubular function [13,22]. To obtain more information about the biological role and evolution of β2-m, it became necessary to work in animal systems.…”

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The Complete Amino Acid Sequence of Dog β<sub>2</sub>-Microglobulin

Nakajima

Hoshi

Higuchi

et al. 1999

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Dog β2-microglobulin was purified from the urine of dogs with potassium dichromate induced tubular damage. It was purified by sequential use of anion exchange chromatography, gel filtration chromatography, and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Comparisons of the amino acid sequence of the dog protein with human, mouse, and rabbit β2-microglobulin, indicated a high degree of similarity. The dog protein was very similar to human β2-microglobulin in that it had a molecular weight of 11.8 kDa and contained two half-cystinyl residues. Dog and human β2-microglobulin were demonstrably different at 24 of the 99 positions compared. The data supported the conclusion that the purified protein was dog β2-microglobulin and that all four proteins from dog, human, mouse, and rabbit were closely related.-KEY WORDS: amino acid sequence, dog β2-microglobulin, purification, urine.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 61(5): 517-521, 1999 obtained from an animal shelter were determined as healthy based on the results of routine physical examination, hematology and urinalysis. These dogs were given intravenous injection of 1 mg/kg potassium dichromate. They showed slight clinical signs of anorexia, depression, and proteinuria, but recovered 2 weeks later.Urine sample: The urine samples were paper-filtered, dialyzed overnight with 50 mM ammonium acetic acid (pH 8.6) at 4°C using dialysis tubing (Spectra/Por 6: Spectrum Industries, Houston, U.S.A.) with a molecular weight retention of 10.0 kDa, and then lyophilized.Purification of dog β2-m: Prior to anion exchange chromatography, 0.5 g of urinary material was dissolved in 50 ml of 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.6) containing 50 mM sodium chloride. This solution was chromatographed on a DEAE-cellulose (DE52: Whatman Bio Systems Ltd., Maidstone, UK) column (5 cm × 30 cm) equilibrated with 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.6) containing 50 mM sodium chloride at a flow rate of 120 ml/hr. The column was then eluted with the same buffer with 200 mM sodium chloride. Each fraction was monitored by sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) in 15% gels [14], and stained with Coomassie brilliant blue G-250. The protein with a molecular weight of about 12 kDa was determined as β2-m, because of reaction with anti-human β2-m (Sigma Chemical Co., Mo, U.S.A.). The fraction containing the band of 12 kDa protein at high concentration was pooled, dialyzed against 50 mM ammonium acetic acid (pH 8.6), and lyophilized. This fraction was applied to a Sephadex G-75 (Pharmacia Biotech, Uppsala, Sweden) column (2 cm × 100 cm) equilibrated with 0.2 M ammonium acetic acid (pH 8.6). Each fraction eluted from the column was analyzed, and the fraction containing the 12 kDa protein was lyophilized. The fraction enriched by the 12 kDa protein from Sephadex G-75 column was loaded to reversedphase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This HPLC system consisted of two Shimazu LC-6A pumps β2-microglobulin (β2-m) was initially purified from the urine of patients with Wilson's disease, chronic ca...

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“…Estudios experimentales en animales de laboratorio indican que el aclaramiento de inulina (pará-metro que mide la filtración glomerular), se reduce transitoriamente en el periodo comprendido entre 1 y 4 horas post-litotricia para recuperarse posteriormente 7 . Sin embargo, esta alteración glomerular no suele detectarse si se utilizan pruebas menos sensibles como el aclaramiento de creatinina 8,9 . El aumento de la excreción urinaria de las enzimas N-acetil-glucosamina (NAG) y de alanino-amino-peptidasa (AAP), nos mostrará el grado de daño que sufre la función tubular renal tras una sesión de litotricia, así como el tiempo de recuperación de esta alteración en la excreción tubular.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…El aumento de la excreción urinaria de las enzimas N-acetil-glucosamina (NAG) y de alanino-amino-peptidasa (AAP), nos mostrará el grado de daño que sufre la función tubular renal tras una sesión de litotricia, así como el tiempo de recuperación de esta alteración en la excreción tubular. Algunos autores también registran un incremento transitorio de N-acetil glucosamida y otros marcadores asociados a lesión tubular, como la gamma-glutamiltransferrasa y la beta-2-microglobulina inmediatamente después de la litotricia 6,8 . Sin embargo, para otros autores no existe evidencia de elevación de la enzima NAG después del tratamiento con litotricia e incluso tras nefrostomía percutánea 10 .…”

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Estudio comparativo del daño renal producido tras la litotricia según la localización litiásica

et al. 2005

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Introducción: La litroticia por ondas de choque (LEOC) es fundamental en el tratamiento de las litiasis. Sin embargo, existen evidencias de que puede producir daño renal. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es determinar el grado de afectación de la función glomerular y tubular tras LEOC, y si influye la localización litiásica en el tipo de daño renal.Material y métodos. Se realizó un estudio longitudinal prospectivo en 14 pacientes con función renal normal sometidos a LEOC. Se determinó el nivel basal, y a las 24 horas, al 4º y al 10º día post LEOC, de microalbuminuria (MA) (que valora la función glomerular), y de N-acetil glucosamida (NAG) y la alanina aminopeptidasa (AAP) (que valoran la función tubular).Resultados: Los niveles de basales de MA, NAG y AAP no mostraron diferencias significativas en relación con la localización de los cálculos. Se observó un aumento significativo de los tres parámetros sólo a las 24 horas post LEOC. No se observaron diferencias significativas en la variación de los niveles de microalbuminuria, AAP y NAG con el tratamiento en relación a la localización de los cálculos.Conclusiones: Existe un daño glomerular y tubular tras LEO. Este daño es independiente de la localización pélvica o calicial del cálculo. En pacientes con función renal normal previa, el daño renal se recupera al 4º día post LEOC. ABSTRACT A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE RENAL DAMAGE PRODUCED AFTER THE EXTRACORPOREAL SHOCK WAVELITHOTRIPSY ACCORDING TO THE LITHIASIS LOCATION Introduction: The Extracorporeal shock waves lithotripsy (ESWL) is fundamental in the treatment of lithiasis. However, there are evidences that it can produce renal damage. The objective of our study is to determine the degree of affectation of the glomerular and tubular function after LEOC, and the influence of the lithiasis location on the type of renal damage.Material and methods: A prospective longitudinal study was carried out in 14 patients with normal renal function subjected to ESWL. We determined the basal level, and the levels at the 24 hours, at the 4th and the 10th day post ESWL of: microalbuminuria (MA) (that values the glomerular function), and N-acetil glucosamide (NAG) and alanine aminopeptidase (AAP), (that value the tubular function).Results: The basal levels of of MA, NAG and AAP didn't show significant differences in connection with the localization of the stones. A significant increase was observed of the three parameters only 24 hours post ESWL No significant differences were observed between the variation of the microalbuminuria levels, AAP and NAG and the treatment in relation to the localization of the stones.Conclusions: It exists a glomerular and tubular damage after ESWL. This damage is not related with the pelvic or calicial location of the stones. In patient with previous normal renal function, the renal damage recovers at the 4º day post ESWL.

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Effects of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy on Renal Function in Patients with Kidney Stone Disease

Cited by 21 publications

References 19 publications

Determination of Canine .BETA.2-Microgloblin in Plasma and Urine by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay.

Determination of Canine .BETA.2-Microgloblin in Plasma and Urine by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay.

The Complete Amino Acid Sequence of Dog β<sub>2</sub>-Microglobulin

Estudio comparativo del daño renal producido tras la litotricia según la localización litiásica

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Effects of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy on Renal Function in Patients with Kidney Stone Disease

Cited by 21 publications

References 19 publications

Determination of Canine .BETA.2-Microgloblin in Plasma and Urine by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay.

Determination of Canine .BETA.2-Microgloblin in Plasma and Urine by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay.

The Complete Amino Acid Sequence of Dog &beta;<sub>2</sub>-Microglobulin

Estudio comparativo del daño renal producido tras la litotricia según la localización litiásica

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The Complete Amino Acid Sequence of Dog β<sub>2</sub>-Microglobulin