EFFECTS OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS ON CRUDE PALM OLEIN BY LIPASE FROM <i>CANDIDA RUGOSA</i>

You, Linna; Baharin, Badlishah Sham

doi:10.1111/j.1745-4522.2006.00035.x

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Figure shows that with increasing water to oil ratio from 0.5:1 to 5:1 the percentage yield of FFA significantly increased, due to increase in water to oil interfacial area, reaching a maximum of 92% at water to oil ratio 4:1 with 1 g L −1 enzyme concentration in 30 h. Hydrolysis reaction occurs simultaneously with reverse esterification reaction catalyzed by lipase. A large amount of water is therefore essential to shift the equilibrium towards hydrolysis , . Further increase in the water to oil ratio from 4:1 to 5:1 resulted in reduction of FFA yield.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biolubricant synthesis from waste cooking oil via enzymatic hydrolysis followed by chemical esterification

Chowdhury

Mitra

Biswas

2012

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND Lubricants manufactured conventionally from non‐renewable mineral oil resources are not biodegradable and are liable to cause adverse environmental impacts. Biodegradable vegetable oils present a promising lubricant feedstock alternative. Waste cooking oil (WCO), which otherwise finds no immediate potential utilization can be successfully used to synthesize bio‐lubricant. A novel synthetic method was developed by using the two‐step process of C. rugosa lipase‐mediated hydrolysis of WCO to free fatty acids (FFA) followed by Amberlyst 15H esterification of FFA with octanol. The octyl esters produced was the desired biolubricant. RESULTS The effect of different physico‐chemical parameters like temperature, catalyst loading, agitation speed, molar ratio of octanol:FFA and the presence of different desiccants on the esterification reaction was examined. The optimum conditions to get maximum yield of biolubricant in minimum time were, octanol:FFA molar ratio = 3:1, temperature = 80 °C, catalyst = 2 g and desiccant (preferably silica gel powder) = 50% weight of FFA. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed that the product formed was ester. CONCLUSION Biolubricant (octyl esters) was prepared efficiently from WCO by the two‐step process developed. This novel approach represents a viable means of producing lubricants from wastes which are renewable in nature and can be an alternative to non‐renewable mineral oil feedstocks. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large amount of water is therefore essential to shift the equilibrium towards hydrolysis. 19,20 Further increase in the water to oil ratio from 4 : 1 to 5 : 1 resulted in reduction of FFA yield. This can be attributed to the fact that higher level of water has a negative effect on lipase activity.…”

Section: Effect Of Water On Hydrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biolubricant synthesis from waste cooking oil via enzymatic hydrolysis followed by chemical esterification

Chowdhury

Mitra

Biswas

2012

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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“…2. From the figure, it is evident that excess water is necessary for enzymatic hydrolysis, since it accelerates the forward hydrolysis reaction suppressing the backward esterification 29, 30. However, a large excess of water hinders the process, which is probably due to the dilution effect on the lipase catalyst 29.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esterification of Free Fatty Acids Derived from Waste Cooking Oil with Octanol: Process Optimization and Kinetic Modeling

2016

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The synthesis of lubricant‐grade ester using waste cooking oil (WCO) as the primary feedstock is characterized in detail and optimized. WCO was initially hydrolyzed using Candida rugosa lipase to convert triglycerides into free fatty acids (FFA). Subsequently, the FFA were esterified with octanol by a heterogeneous catalytic reaction in batch mode. Both the hydrolysis and esterification steps were optimized in terms of relevant process parameters, employing the well‐known response surface methodology. The final product was characterized by Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Moreover, a pseudo‐homogeneous, second‐order kinetic model was proposed and validated with respect to the transient conversion data for the esterification reaction under optimum operating conditions. The overall output of the present study is highly useful in the design and development of large‐scale industrial flow reactors to produce biolubricant components using a domestic waste material as feedstock.

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“…Kang and Rhee [19] and Yigitoglu and Temocin [27] also reported the same optimum pH on the hydrolysis of olive oil using C. rugosalipase. On the other hand, Ting et al [16] has obtained the optimum pH for C. rugosalipase on soybean oil hydrolysis lies between pH of 7 to pH of 8. For the hydrolysis of palm olein, the optimum pH has found at the pH of 7.7 [4].…”

Section: Effect Of Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Used-Frying Oil Using Candida Rugosa Lipase in Solvent-Free System

2014

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The effects of enzymatic hydrolysis of used-frying oil were carried out using an immobilized lipase from Candida rugosa in solvent-free system. Used-frying oil was used as a substrate in this study due to abundance amount of used-frying oil present in Malaysia as its disposal problem become a very serious environmental issue. The high free fatty acids (FFA) content in used-frying oil has raised the interest for the utilization of this waste into valuable products. Even though used-frying oil is not suitable for human consumption and being extensively used for biodiesel production, FFA from used-frying oil could be utilized to produce various types of non-edible products. Effects of enzyme loading, water content, reaction temperature, buffer pH and agitation speed on the degree of hydrolysis were investigated. The experiments were conducted at constant 3 hours reaction time. It was found that the effect of variables were very significant by influencing the hydrolysis process. The hydrolysis process achieved the highest yield of fatty acids at enzyme concentration of 1.5% (w/v), buffer volume to oil volume ratio of 3:1, temperature of 40 ˚C, pH of 7 and agitation speed of 220 rpm. Under these described conditions, nearly 98.1% degree of hydrolysis was achieved. A kinetic model based on Michaelis-Menten equation was used to determine the rate constant of Vmaxand Kmand it was found that the values are20.8333µmol/ml.min and0.0833g/ml respectively which were gained from Lineweaver-Burk plot.

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EFFECTS OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS ON CRUDE PALM OLEIN BY LIPASE FROM CANDIDA RUGOSA

Cited by 20 publications

References 19 publications

Biolubricant synthesis from waste cooking oil via enzymatic hydrolysis followed by chemical esterification

Biolubricant synthesis from waste cooking oil via enzymatic hydrolysis followed by chemical esterification

Esterification of Free Fatty Acids Derived from Waste Cooking Oil with Octanol: Process Optimization and Kinetic Modeling

Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Used-Frying Oil Using Candida Rugosa Lipase in Solvent-Free System

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