Effects of delayed feeding, sodium butyrate and glutamine on intestinal permeability in newly-hatched broiler chickens

Abstract

The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of delayed feeding, and supplementation with sodium butyrate or glutamine in drinking water, on intestinal permeability (IP) in young broiler chickens. Newly-hatched male chickens (Ross 308) were allocated to four groups comprising Control, 24 h delayed fed (DF), DF supplemented with sodium butyrate (0.1%) in the drinking water and DF supplemented with glutamine (1%) in the drinking water. On days 2, 4 and 7, twelve birds per group were randomly selected, weighed and orally gavaged with fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d) at 2.2 mg / ml / chicken. Serum FITC-d concentration was analysed by spectrophotometry while serum diamine oxidase and D-lactic acid concentrations were analysed by microplate reader. FITC-d concentrations in the Control and DF groups were not statistically different on any day, suggesting that delayed feeding did not affect IP. Additionally, sodium butyrate increased IP compared to DF and Control on day 2 only (p < 0.05), while glutamine increased IP on all days, compared to DF and Control (p < 0.05). Diamine oxidase and D-lactic acid concentrations of all groups were not statistically different.

Performance, intestinal permeability, and gene expression of selected tight junction proteins in broiler chickens fed reduced protein diets supplemented with arginine, glutamine, and glycine subjected to a leaky gut model

“…In the present study, supplementation of RP diet with 10 g/kg Gln had no effect on gut permeability assessed by FITC-d. Our results are in agreement with recent observations by Gilani et al (2018c), who found no effect of 1% Gln in young broilers assessed by FITC-d and older age broilers (day 38) studied by both FITC-d and dual-sugars tests (Gilani et al, 2018b). The positive role of Gln in reducing permeability of the Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cell line has been documented whereby Gln deprivation increased permeability and decreased tight junction expression of claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1 (DeMarco et al, 2003; Li et al, 2004).…”

“…Previous studies have demonstrated some positive response to Gln in terms of growth performance and gut development in broiler chickens (Bartell and Batal, 2007; Murakami et al, 2007). However, our recent studies have failed to show any positive response to Gln in broiler chickens in terms of gut permeability or performance (Gilani et al, 2018c). Gilani et al (2018c) found that providing 1% supplemental Gln in drinking water to newly hatched broilers did not reduce IP in delayed fed birds.…”

“…However, our recent studies have failed to show any positive response to Gln in broiler chickens in terms of gut permeability or performance (Gilani et al, 2018c). Gilani et al (2018c) found that providing 1% supplemental Gln in drinking water to newly hatched broilers did not reduce IP in delayed fed birds. In another study, Gilani et al (2018b) supplemented 10 g/kg Gln to a wheat-based diet and found no effect on IP assessed by fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran ( FITC-d ) uptake or lactulose, mannitol, and rhamnose sugar assays.…”

“…In another study, Gilani et al (2018b) supplemented 10 g/kg Gln to a wheat-based diet and found no effect on IP assessed by fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran ( FITC-d ) uptake or lactulose, mannitol, and rhamnose sugar assays. It should be noted that in both trials (Gilani et al, 2018b, c), the Gln was given alongside a normal commercial diet as opposed to an RP diet. It may be hypothesized that the L-Gln could be more effective when the dietary protein is reduced or the animal is under a serious stressor or disease challenge.…”

Short and long term effects of early nutrition in broiler chickens

“…Also in older broilers up to 42 d, fasting results in lower intestinal integrity, including greater paracellular transport of marker molecules, as a result of greater TJ pore size (Kuttappan et al, 2015;Vicuña et al, 2015;Gilani et al, 2017). Although paracellular transport was not affected after 24 h of DN (Gilani et al, 2018), prolonged duration of DN up to 72 h may still affect paracellular transport.…”