Effects of Curing on Photosensitive Resins in SLA Additive Manufacturing

Riccio, Carmela; Civera, Marco; Ruiz, Oliver Grimaldo; Pedullà, Perla; Reinoso, Mariana Rodríguez; Tommasi, Giulia; Vollaro, Martina; Burgio, Vito; Surace, Cecilia

doi:10.3390/applmech2040055

Cited by 45 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Therefore, an ideal exposure time is needed for optimal polymerization of layers to prevent under-or complete polymerization. Indeed, post-curing of polymerized parts is done in a UV oven to ensure complete polymerization to achieve better mechanical properties [128]. However, there is a limitation related to thicker walls of manufactured parts, across which the radiation cannot penetrate and reach the inner part.…”

Section: Uv Curingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive manufacturing by digital light processing: a review

et al. 2022

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Additive manufacturing is a layer-by-layer strategy enabling the advanced design and fabrication of complex 3D objects and structures, overcoming geometry limitations and reducing waste production compared to conventional technologies. Among various additive manufacturing technologies, digital light processing (DLP), is an additive manufacturing technology used to print photopolymer parts, using a projected light source to cure an entire layer at once. Initially developed for pure resins, recent advances have demonstrated the potential of DLP in the polymerization of ceramic and metal-loaded suspensions, enabling the fabrication of ceramic and metal components after proper debinding and sintering. Such flexibility increases the potential of DLP for different applications, ranging from dental implants and bone scaffolds to smart biomaterials for soft robotics, smart wearables, and microfluidic devices. The review provides an overview of DLP technology and its recent advances; specifically, the review covers the photopolymer properties, the ceramic and metallic feedstock preparation, and the light-matter interaction mechanism underpinning the printing and post-processing steps. Finally, a description of the current application is provided and complemented with future perspectives.

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Section: Uv Curingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive manufacturing by digital light processing: a review

et al. 2022

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“…The first is to improve the hardware of three-dimensional (3D) printers, particularly due to limitations associated with dimensional and geometrical accuracy at the micro-nano level, long printing times, and high costs among others. The second regards, the development of new 3D-printable tailored materials that match the biomechanical properties of real tissues [17][18][19][20][21][22], also considering appropriate curing and post-processing [23]. The demand for materials that react like human tissues might be addressed by considering new methods, one of them is based on a bio-inspired approach by properly mimicking the unique, complex characteristics and behavior of the biological systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Mechanical Characterization Using Digital Image Correlation of Soft Tissue-Mimicking Polymers

et al. 2022

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Present and future anatomical models for biomedical applications will need bio-mimicking three-dimensional (3D)-printed tissues. These would enable, for example, the evaluation of the quality-performance of novel devices at an intermediate step between ex-vivo and in-vivo trials. Nowadays, PolyJet technology produces anatomical models with varying levels of realism and fidelity to replicate organic tissues. These include anatomical presets set with combinations of multiple materials, transitions, and colors that vary in hardness, flexibility, and density. This study aims to mechanically characterize multi-material specimens designed and fabricated to mimic various bio-inspired hierarchical structures targeted to mimic tendons and ligaments. A Stratasys® J750™ 3D Printer was used, combining the Agilus30™ material at different hardness levels in the bio-mimicking configurations. Then, the mechanical properties of these different options were tested to evaluate their behavior under uni-axial tensile tests. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) was used to accurately quantify the specimens’ large strains in a non-contact fashion. A difference in the mechanical properties according to pattern type, proposed hardness combinations, and matrix-to-fiber ratio were evidenced. The specimens V, J1, A1, and C were selected as the best for every type of pattern. Specimens V were chosen as the leading combination since they exhibited the best balance of mechanical properties with the higher values of Modulus of elasticity (2.21 ± 0.17 MPa), maximum strain (1.86 ± 0.05 mm/mm), and tensile strength at break (2.11 ± 0.13 MPa). The approach demonstrates the versatility of PolyJet technology that enables core materials to be tailored based on specific needs. These findings will allow the development of more accurate and realistic computational and 3D printed soft tissue anatomical solutions mimicking something much closer to real tissues.

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“…The Authors of the paper "Effects of Curing on Photosensitive Resins in SLA Additive Manufacturing" [1] want to declare the following corrections to their original article.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In Table 1, the settings for the Grey Pro resin were reported incorrectly. The correct values should have been 15 min at 80 • C and not 30 min at 60 • C. 1 and omitted here, can be found in [1]).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%