Effects of cigarette smoking on EEG spectral‐band power, dimensional complexity, and nonlinearity during reaction‐time task performance

Houlihan, Michael; Pritchard, Walter S.; Krieble, Kelly K.; Robinson, John H.; Duke, Dennis W.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1996.tb02370.x

Cited by 22 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Epileptic states are characterized by a dramatic reduction of EEG dimension (Babloyantz & Destexhe, 1986). Smoking had a flexible effect on DCx, which depended on baseline level: DCx was increased when the presmoking level was low, and lowered when the presmoking level was high (Pritchard & Duke, 1992;Houlihan, Pritchard, Krieble, Robinson, & Duke, 1996). General intelligence was associated with higher DCx at rest (Lutzenberger, Birbaumer, Flor, Rockstroh, & Elbert, 1992b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Complexity of electrocortical dynamics in children: Developmental aspects

et al. 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Complexity of electrocortical dynamics in children: Developmental aspects

et al. 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Both, 4 2-and 7-receptors seem to be involved in plastic processes in the hippocampus that are associated with learning and memory [62,71] . Acute nicotine administration modulates the attentional network consisting of the prefrontal cortex, the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and parieto-temporal association areas and may improve attention not only in nicotine addicted subjects during withdrawal but also in nicotine na ï ve probands [22,37,38,40,44,45,87,90,93,97,107] . fMRI studies provided several possible explanations for this phenomenon: Some results point towards an activation of the attentional network [60,99] , but other effects may play a role.…”

Section: Nicotine and Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology of Nicotine Abuse in Schizophrenia

Mobascher¹,

Winterer²

2008

Pharmacopsychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

People with schizophrenia suffer from a variety of symptoms that can be categorized as positive, negative and cognitive symptoms. Cognitive symptoms are not properly treated with antipsychotic medication and are the major cause of disability associated with the disorder. People with schizophrenia smoke more frequently and heavily than the general population. This observation in view of the well established role of nicotinic, cholinergic neurotransmission in cognition led to the hypothesis that people with schizophrenia may use nicotine as a self-medication to ameliorate cognitive symptoms associated with their disease. Furthermore genetic and post-mortem studies point to additional links between nicotinic cholinergic neurotransmission and schizophrenia. This article provides an insight in the possible relationship between schizophrenia and smoking behavior. We focus on the effects of nicotine on individual neurons as well as on neuronal networks. With respect to single neurons the immediate electrophysiological consequences of nicotinic stimulation and the more "metabotropic" effects related to intracellular signal transduction cascades that may lead to plastic changes in the neuron are discussed. With respect to the network level, three systems are discussed: cognition, reward and stress response. The effects of nicotine on cognition may be most pertinent to the problem of schizophrenia, but schizophrenics may also smoke to regulate mood and reduce stress. A better understanding of the molecular and cellular effects of nicotine and how they are related to the pathophysiology and symptomatology of schizophrenia may help to identify new targets for the pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia and of nicotine addiction in schizophrenia.

show abstract

“…Nicotine meets some of the criteria for being psychoactive, although even here there is a good deal of definitional uncertainty. Altered transmission in nicotinic systems produces a wide range of effects on autonomic, endocrine, and neural processes (Ashton & Stepney, 1982;Carstens, Saxe, & Ralph, 1995;Grenhoff & Svensson, 1989;Gribkoff, Christian, Robinson, Deadwyler, & Dudek, 1988;Houlihan, Pritchard, Krieble, Robinson, & Duke, 1996;Murray, 1991). Humans and animals can usually tell when they have been given nicotine (Chandler & Stolerman, 1997;Mariathasan, Stolerman, & White, 1997;Mariathasan, White, & Stolerman, 1996;Perkins, D'Amico et aI., 1996;Stolerman & Jarvis, 1995;Terry et aI., 1996).…”

Section: Nicotine As a Psychoactive Substancementioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine as an Addictive Substance: A Critical Examination of the Basic Concepts and Empirical Evidence

Atrens¹

2001

Journal of Drug Issues

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present review is a critical analysis of the concepts behind and the empirical data supporting the view that tobacco use represents an addiction to nicotine. It deals with general aspects ofthe notion ofaddiction, while concentrating on specific problems associated with incorporating nicotine into current frameworks. The notion of addiction suffers from unprecedented definitional difficulties. The definitions offered by various authorities are very different, even contradictory. Definitions that reasonably include nicotine are so broad and vague that they allow many trivial things, such as salt, sugar, and watching television, to be considered addictive. Definitions that exclude the trivia also exclude nicotine. The addiction hypothesis, in general, is strongly shaped by views that certain drugs bring about a molecular level subversion of rationality. The main human evidence for this is verbal reports of smokers who say that they can't quit. On the other hand, the existence of many millions of successful quitters suggests that most people can quit. Somesmokers don't quit, but whether they can't is another matter. The addiction hypothesis would be greatly strengthened by the demonstration that any drug of abuse produces special changes in the brain. It has yet to be shown that any drug produces changes in the brain different from those produced by many innocuous substances and events. The effects of nicotine on the brain are similar to those of sugar, salt, exercise, and other harmless substances and events. Apart from numerous conceptual and definitional inadequacies with the addiction concept in general, the notion that nicotine is addictive lacks reasonable empirical support. Nicotine does not have the properties of reference drugs of abuse. There are so many findings that conflict so starkly with the view that nicotine is addictive that it increasingly appears that adhering to the nicotine addiction thesis is only defensible on extrascientific grounds. Dale Atrens received a B.A. from the University of Windsor, an A.M. from Hollins College, and a Ph.D. from Rutgers University. He has held appointments at universities in North America. Europe, Asia, and Australia. He is currently a Reader in psychobiology at the University of Sydney. He Is the author of several neuroscience textbooks and a number of popular books on diet and lifestyle.

show abstract

Effects of cigarette smoking on EEG spectral‐band power, dimensional complexity, and nonlinearity during reaction‐time task performance

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Complexity of electrocortical dynamics in children: Developmental aspects

Complexity of electrocortical dynamics in children: Developmental aspects

The Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology of Nicotine Abuse in Schizophrenia

Nicotine as an Addictive Substance: A Critical Examination of the Basic Concepts and Empirical Evidence

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About