Effects of cigarette smoke exposure during suckling on food intake, fat mass, hormones, and biochemical profile of young and adult female rats

Lisboa, Patrícia Cristina; Soares, P.N.; Peixoto, Thamara Cherem; Carvalho, Janaíne Cavalcanti; Calvino, Camila; Rodrigues, Vanessa Silva Tavares; Bernardino, Dayse Nascimento; Younes‐Rapozo, V.; Manhães, Alex C.; Oliveira, Elaine de; Moura, Egberto Gaspar de

doi:10.1007/s12020-017-1320-7

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Recently, in an animal model of exposure to neonatal cigarette smoke, Lisboa et al (2017) showed that adult animals of both sexes present increased abdominal adiposity. In the current study, these results were also observed [ 17 ]. However, when evaluating the morphology of VAT (retroperitoneal depot) and liver in these animals, surprisingly, no alteration of area or lipid accumulation was observed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Rats are used in one of the programming animal models for which the outcome of tobacco smoke exposure during lactation is obesity. Our group has already shown that adult offspring of both sexes have hyperphagia, higher body mass, visceral fat, dyslipidemia, and hyperleptinemia [ 16 , 17 ], as well as other important endocrine disorders. Curiously, we have detected a sexual dimorphism for some hormones in this model: while males exhibit secondary hyperthyroidism, hypocorticosteronemia, and reduction of adrenal catecholamines [ 16 ], females show only higher T4 levels and hypercorticosteronemia [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cigarette Smoke During Breastfeeding in Rats Changes Glucocorticoid and Vitamin D Status in Obese Adult Offspring

Soares

Rodrigues

Peixoto

et al. 2018

IJMS

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Maternal smoking increases obesogenesis in the progeny. Obesity is associated with several hormonal dysfunctions. In a rat model of postnatal tobacco smoke exposure, we previously reported increased central fat depot and disruption of some hormonal systems in the adult offspring. As both glucocorticoids and vitamin D alter lipogenesis and adipogenesis, here we evaluated the metabolism of these two hormones in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and liver by Western blotting, and possible associations with lipogenesis biomarkers in adult rats that were exposed to tobacco smoke during their suckling period. At postnatal day (PN) 3, dams and offspring of both sexes were exposed (S group) or not (C group) to tobacco smoke, 4 × 1 h/day. At PN180, corticosteronemia was lower in S male and higher in S female offspring, without alterations in peripheral glucocorticoid metabolism and receptor. Adrenal ACTH receptor (MC2R) was higher in both sexes of S group. Despite unchanged serum vitamin D, liver 25-hydroxylase was higher in both sexes of S group. Male S offspring had higher 1α-hydroxylase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) in VAT. Both sexes showed increased ACC protein content and reduced sirtuin mRNA in liver. Male S offspring had lower liver peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α. Tobacco exposure during lactation induced abdominal obesity in both sexes via distinct mechanisms. Males and females seem to develop HPA-axis dysfunction instead of changes in glucocorticoid metabolism and action. Lipogenesis in VAT and liver, as well as vitamin D status, are more influenced by postnatal smoke exposure in male than in female adult rat offspring.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette Smoke During Breastfeeding in Rats Changes Glucocorticoid and Vitamin D Status in Obese Adult Offspring

Soares

Rodrigues

Peixoto

et al. 2018

IJMS

Self Cite

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“…Next, in the biochemical analyzes performed in blood plasma we found that the elevated levels of glucose, cholesterol and gamma GT observed in untreated animals were reduced by herbal mixture treatment. Cholesterol and glucose dosages alterations were also indicated in male and female offsprings exposed to tobacco smoke during lactation [12]. Once again, the used herbs prevented metabolic changes due to cigarette exposure and showed no toxicity, reinforcing their efficacy, safety and applicability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Different inflammatory cells, such as macrophages, mast cells, neutrophils and lymphocytes, participate in the disease development and are responsible for the release of several chemical mediators, which in the long term and imbalance of the immune response cause tissue damage and contribute to the lung function decline [2,[4][5][6] The influence of exposure to cigarette smoke in rats is a simple and widely used model to study smoking adverse effects and treatment possibilities of illnesses caused by this habit [7,8]. Although they differ in type and amount of cigarettes and time of exposure, several studies have been conducted to induce COPD in rats [7,[9][10][11] As the inflammatory mechanisms induced by smoking are related to development of different clinical conditions, one of the promising treatments is the anti-inflammatory therapy by medicinal herbs [12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-inflammatory actions of herbal medicines in a model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease induced by cigarette smoke

Possebon

Lebron

Silva

et al. 2018

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

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The effects of four medicinal herbs (Arctium lappa, Plantago major, Mikania glomerata Spreng and Equisetum arvense) with anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated in a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) model. Wistar rats were exposed to cigarette smoke during 8 weeks and one of the groups was orally given a solution containing 4% of each alcoholic herbal extracts during the exposure period. Control group was not exposed to smoke or treated. Histopathological, immunohistochemical and biochemical analyzes were performed. Normal blood plasma levels of gamma glutamyl transferase indicated no toxicity of the administered herbal extracts. The treatment reduced leukocytes influx in bronchoalveolar lavage, mast cell and macrophages numbers in lungs, as well as prevented pulmonary congestion and tracheal metaplasia. Herbal mixture also decreased plasma inflammatory mediator levels and pulmonary expression of annexin A1 and nuclear factor-k?. Our data indicate synergistic and protective effects of the used herbal medicines in animals exposed to cigarette smoke as a potential therapeutic strategy.

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“…Until the present moment, we do not know whether females also develop long-term disturbances caused by EW. In fact sex-related differences are reported in another programming models for obesity [29,30]. Thus the current study can bring new insights regarding sexual dimorphism, since here we investigated the outcomes of the progeny of both sexes in the EW programming models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Body Adiposity and Endocrine Profile of Female Wistar Rats of Distinct Ages that were Early Weaned

et al. 2019

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Early weaning (EW) is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome. Male rats that were precociously weaned present neonatal malnutrition and, in adulthood, developed overweight, accumulation of body fat, dyslipidemia, changes in glycemic homeostasis, hyperleptinemia, and increase of vitamin D. As metabolic profile of early-weaned females is not known, we investigated the endocrine-metabolic parameters in adolescence and adult female rats of 2 different EW models. Wistar lactating rats and pups from both sexes were separated into 3 groups: non-pharmacological EW (NPEW), dams were involved with a bandage interrupting suckling in the last 3 days of lactation; pharmacological EW (PEW), dams were bromocriptine-treated (0.5 mg/twice a day via intraperitoneal injection) for 3 days before weaning; and control, dams whose pups ate milk throughout lactation. At 21 days-old, NPEW and PEW females had lower body weight. At 180 days-old, NPEW and PEW females showed higher feed efficiency, weight gain, body fat percentage, and greater accumulation of gonadal and retroperitoneal fat depots associated with adipocyte hypertrophy. NPEW females also showed hyperphagia. Only NPEW females presented hyperleptinemia. Plasma thyroid hormones and vitamin D were unchanged among EW females. Regarding sex hormones, at 45 days-old, no change was found in EW females, while at 180 days-old, PEW females had hypoestrogenemia. EW increases the risk for obesity in female rats in adulthood, as already demonstrated for males, although through distinct mechanisms involving some hormones.

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Effects of cigarette smoke exposure during suckling on food intake, fat mass, hormones, and biochemical profile of young and adult female rats

Cited by 19 publications

References 54 publications

Cigarette Smoke During Breastfeeding in Rats Changes Glucocorticoid and Vitamin D Status in Obese Adult Offspring

Cigarette Smoke During Breastfeeding in Rats Changes Glucocorticoid and Vitamin D Status in Obese Adult Offspring

Anti-inflammatory actions of herbal medicines in a model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease induced by cigarette smoke

Body Adiposity and Endocrine Profile of Female Wistar Rats of Distinct Ages that were Early Weaned

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