Cigarette Smoke During Breastfeeding in Rats Changes Glucocorticoid and Vitamin D Status in Obese Adult Offspring

Soares, P.N.; Rodrigues, Vanessa Silva Tavares; Peixoto, Thamara Cherem; Calvino, Camila; Miranda, Rosiane Aparecida; Lopes, Bruna Pereira; Peixoto-Silva, Nayara; Costa, Luciana Lopes; Claudio-Neto, S.; Manhães, Alex C.; Oliveira, Elaine de; Moura, Egberto Gaspar de; Lisboa, Patrícia Cristina

doi:10.3390/ijms19103084

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…18,19 Remarkable changes were noted in rat offspring after exposure to tobacco during the lactation period including developed resistance to vitamin D in the adipocyte, HPA-axis dysfunction and visceral lipogenesis. 36,43 An increase in alpha hydroxylase associated with significant reduction of VDR has also been noted in obese induced rats. 44 Alternatively, some of anthropometric parameters including lipid profile and adiposity measures showed significant correlations with VDD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This can be linked because all of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis elements are expressed in the skin including ACTH. 35,36 Accordingally, association of stress with darkening of the skin has taken particular attention in recent studies conducted on humans and animals. 37,41 In humans, developed pigmentation was observed in response to a combination of ultraviolat radiation (UV) and low humidity stress to the epidermal barrier.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…42,49 In relation to stress, hyperlipidemia in cardiovascular disease patients has contributed to excessive CORT levels. 43,44,50,51 Al-Dujaili et al 29 reported that, in coronary artery disease (CAD), hyperlipidemia can be ameliorated under effect of VD supplementation via decreasing 11β-HSD1 activity. Metabolically, cholesterol is a precursor molecule for VD as well as CORT synthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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<p>Correlation of selected stress associated factors with vitamin D deficiency in Jordanian men and women</p>

Abu-Samak

AbuRuz

Masa’Deh

et al. 2019

IJGM

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Background: To identify stress associated factors for vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in healthy Jordanian people based on serum 25(OH)D levels. Design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: Three hundred and seventy-one Jordanian men and women aged 17-52 years, who were identified as VD deficient 25(OH)D <30 ng/mL, were eligible to participate in the study. Serum vitamin 25(OH) D was measured using chemiluminescent immunoassay. Cortisol, parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphate, fasting lipid profile, and blood glucose were also analyzed. Questionnaires were used to collect lifestyles parameters. Anthropometric parameters including: body mass index (BMI), waist (W) and hip (H) circumferences, W/H ratio (WHR) were also calculated. Results: The vast majority (91%) of the participants had vitamin D deficiency (25-(OH) D <30 ng/mL). Positive correlations were observed between vitamin D deficiency and the following anthropometric parameters in all study sample; gender (P=0.010), height (P=0.22), height/hip ratio (P=0.015) and waist/hip ratio (P=0.013). Lifestyle parameters that indicated very weak positive correlations with VDD were number of family members (P=0.011) and insufficient exposure to sunlight (P=0.023). The following clinical parameters showed weak or very weak correlations with VDD; serum cortisol (r=0.318), low density lipoprotein (r=0.246) and total cholesterol (r=0.133). Skin color and water pipe tobacco smoking were added to the multivariable stepwise regression analyses as they have been weakly correlated with VDD. These predictors together explained only 12.2% of the variance in serum cortisol levels in the VDD study sample. Conclusion: A weak positive association between VDD and elevated serum cortisol was observed in this study. Subcutaneous changes may be involved in that association but further studies are needed to clarify a potential role for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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<p>Correlation of selected stress associated factors with vitamin D deficiency in Jordanian men and women</p>

Abu-Samak

AbuRuz

Masa’Deh

et al. 2019

IJGM

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“…An interaction of CS exposure and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) function might also be a possible explanation for the lower NE need in CS exposed animals, because one study reported that maternal tobacco smoke exposure increased serum corticosterone levels in adult male rat offspring ( 27 ). Another study reported that CS exposure during breastfeeding in rats showed changes in serum corticosterone level in in obese adult offspring ( 28 ). However, with the results in the present study, we can only speculate about possible effects of CS exposure on GR function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette smoke exposure reduces hemorrhagic shock induced circulatory dysfunction in mice with attenuated glucocorticoid receptor function

et al. 2022

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IntroductionWe previously showed that attenuated glucocorticoid receptor (GR) function in mice (GRdim/dim) aggravates systemic hypotension and impairs organ function during endotoxic shock. Hemorrhagic shock (HS) causes impaired organ perfusion, which leads to tissue hypoxia and inflammation with risk of organ failure. Lung co-morbidities like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can aggravate tissue hypoxia via alveolar hypoxia. The most common cause for COPD is cigarette smoke (CS) exposure. Therefore, we hypothesized that affecting GR function in mice (GRdim/dim) and pre-traumatic CS exposure would further impair hemodynamic stability and organ function after HS.MethodsAfter 3 weeks of CS exposure, anesthetized and mechanically ventilated GRdim/dim and GR+/+ mice underwent pressure-controlled HS for 1h via blood withdrawal (mean arterial pressure (MAP) 35mmHg), followed by 4h of resuscitation with re-transfusion of shed blood, colloid fluid infusion and, if necessary, continuous intravenous norepinephrine. Acid–base status and organ function were assessed together with metabolic pathways. Blood and organs were collected at the end of the experiment for analysis of cytokines, corticosterone level, and mitochondrial respiratory capacity. Data is presented as median and interquartile range.ResultsNor CS exposure neither attenuated GR function affected survival. Non-CS GRdim/dim mice had a higher need of norepinephrine to keep target hemodynamics compared to GR+/+ mice. In contrast, after CS exposure norepinephrine need did not differ significantly between GRdim/dim and GR+/+ mice. Non-CS GRdim/dim mice presented with a lower pH and increased blood lactate levels compared to GR+/+ mice, but not CS exposed mice. Also, higher plasma concentrations of some pro-inflammatory cytokines were observed in non-CS GRdim/dim compared to GR+/+ mice, but not in the CS group. With regards to metabolic measurements, CS exposure led to an increased lipolysis in GRdim/dim compared to GR+/+ mice, but not in non-CS exposed animals.ConclusionWhether less metabolic acidosis or increased lipolysis is the reason or the consequence for the trend towards lower catecholamine need in CS exposed GRdim/dim mice warrants further investigation.

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“…Blood samples were centrifuged (1,500 × g for 20 min at 4°C) to obtain plasma, which was kept at −20°C. The plasma levels of corticosterone, free triiodothyronine (T3) and free thyroxin (T4) were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA), in duplicate and in a single test 68,69 . The content of total catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine) in the adrenal gland was quantified using the trihydroxyindole method 70 .…”

Section: Hormones Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal protein restriction during the lactation period disrupts the ontogenetic development of behavioral traits in male Wistar rat offspring

Oliveira-Silva

Lisboa

Lotufo-Denucci

et al. 2023

J Dev Orig Health Dis

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Neonatal undernutrition in rats results in short- and long-term behavioral and hormonal alterations in the offspring. It is not clear, however, whether these effects are present since the original insult or if they develop at some specific age later in life. Here, we assessed the ontogenetic profile of behavioral parameters associated with anxiety, exploration and memory/learning of Wistar rat offspring that were subjected to protein malnutrition during lactation. Dams and respective litters were separated into two groups: (1) protein-restricted (PR), which received a hypoproteic chow (8% protein) from birth to weaning [postnatal day (PN) 21]; (2) control (C), which received normoproteic chow. Offspring’s behaviors, corticosterone, catecholamines, T3 and T4 levels were assessed at PN21 (weaning), PN45 (adolescence), PN90 (young adulthood) or PN180 (adulthood). PR offspring showed an age-independent reduction in the levels of anxiety-like behaviors in the Elevated Plus Maze and better memory performance in the Radial Arm Water Maze. PR offspring showed peak exploratory activity in the Open Field earlier in life, at PN45, than C, which showed theirs at PN90. Corticosterone was reduced in PR offspring, particularly at young adulthood, while catecholamines were increased at weaning and adulthood. The current study shows that considerable age-dependent variations in the expression of the observed behaviors and hormonal levels exist from weaning to adulthood in rats, and that protein restriction during lactation has complex variable-dependent effects on the ontogenesis of the assessed parameters.

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Cigarette Smoke During Breastfeeding in Rats Changes Glucocorticoid and Vitamin D Status in Obese Adult Offspring

Cited by 11 publications

References 61 publications

<p>Correlation of selected stress associated factors with vitamin D deficiency in Jordanian men and women</p>

<p>Correlation of selected stress associated factors with vitamin D deficiency in Jordanian men and women</p>

Cigarette smoke exposure reduces hemorrhagic shock induced circulatory dysfunction in mice with attenuated glucocorticoid receptor function

Maternal protein restriction during the lactation period disrupts the ontogenetic development of behavioral traits in male Wistar rat offspring

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