Effects of Chromium on Body Composition and Weight Loss

Anderson, Caitlin

doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.1998.tb01763.x

Cited by 114 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The fact that not all studies show beneficial effects of supplemental Cr (12,23,24) is consistent with the expected observations that not all individuals are marginally or overtly deficient in Cr. In addition to the selection of subjects, duration of study and form of Cr, the effects of Cr may be masked by poor diets and a sedentary lifestyle.…”

Section: Chromiumsupporting

confidence: 74%

Chromium and polyphenols from cinnamon improve insulin sensitivity

Anderson

2008

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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131

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Naturally-occurring compounds that have been shown to improve insulin sensitivity include Cr and polyphenols found in cinnamon (Cinnamomon cassia). These compounds also have similar effects on insulin signalling and glucose control. The signs of Cr deficiency are similar to those for the metabolic syndrome and supplemental Cr has been shown to improve all these signs in human subjects. In a double-blind placebo-controlled study it has been demonstrated that glucose, insulin, cholesterol and HbA1c are all improved in patients with type 2 diabetes following Cr supplementation. It has also been shown that cinnamon polyphenols improve insulin sensitivity in in vitro, animal and human studies. Cinnamon reduces mean fasting serum glucose (18-29 %), TAG (23-30 %), total cholesterol (12-26 %) and LDL-cholesterol (7-27 %) in subjects with type 2 diabetes after 40 d of daily consumption of 1-6 g cinnamon. Subjects with the metabolic syndrome who consume an aqueous extract of cinnamon have been shown to have improved fasting blood glucose, systolic blood pressure, percentage body fat and increased lean body mass compared with the placebo group. Studies utilizing an aqueous extract of cinnamon, high in type A polyphenols, have also demonstrated improvements in fasting glucose, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in women with insulin resistance associated with the polycystic ovary syndrome. For both supplemental Cr and cinnamon not all studies have reported beneficial effects and the responses are related to the duration of the study, form of Cr or cinnamon used and the extent of obesity and glucose intolerance of the subjects.

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Section: Chromiumsupporting

confidence: 74%

Chromium and polyphenols from cinnamon improve insulin sensitivity

Anderson

2008

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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131

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“…The 1000 mg dose was chosen because it has been shown to be safe and effective in modifying blood sugar and insulin levels 18,29 and used in other clinical trials. 30 Subjects randomized to chromium picolinate were instructed to ingest a 500-mg capsule twice per day during the intervention period for a total ingestion of 1000 mg per day for 6 months.…”

Section: Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pilot Study of Chromium Picolinate for Weight Loss

Yazaki

Faridi

et al. 2010

The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine

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Background: Chromium is an essential trace element and nutritional supplement that has garnered interest for use as a weight loss aid. Objective: This trial assesses the effects of chromium picolinate supplementation, alone and combined with nutritional education, on weight loss in apparently healthy overweight adults. Design: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 80 otherwise healthy, overweight adults assessed at baseline for central adiposity measured by computerized tomography. Subjects were randomly assigned to daily ingestion of 1000 mg of chromium picolinate or placebo for 24 weeks. All subjects received passive nutritional education at the 12-week point in both the intervention and control groups. Outcomes include weight, height, blood pressure, percent body fat, serum, and urinary biomarkers. Results: At baseline, both the chromium and placebo groups had similar mean body mass index (BMI) (chromium ¼ 36 AE 6.7 kg=m 2 versus placebo ¼ 36.1 AE 7.6 kg=m 2 ; p ¼ 0.98). After 12 weeks, no change was seen in BMI in the intervention as compared to placebo (chromium ¼ 0.3 AE 0.8 kg=m 2 versus placebo ¼ 0.0 AE 0.4 kg=m 2 ; p ¼ 0.07). No change was seen in BMI after 24 weeks in the intervention as compared to placebo (chromium ¼ 0.1 AE 0.2 kg=m 2 versus placebo ¼ 0.0 AE 0.5 kg=m 2 ; p ¼ 0.81). Variation in central adiposity did not affect any outcome measures. Conclusions: Supplementation of 1000 mg of chromium picolinate alone, and in combination with nutritional education, did not affect weight loss in this population of overweight adults. Response to chromium did not vary with central adiposity.

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“…In 2001 the Institute of Medicine and the National Academy of Sciences established Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) for Chromium, ranging from 0.2 mg for infants to a maximum of 45 mg in lactating mothers [13] . Chromium is used in weight loss supplements due to purported effects of decreasing body fat and increasing basal metabolic rate [14,15] . A recent meta-analysis of available RCTs concluded that weight reduction with chromium although statistically significant was not clinically meaningful [2] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%