Effects of binders on the properties of bio-char pellets

Hu, Qiang; Shao, Jingai; Yang, Haiping; Yao, Dingding; Wang, Xianhua; Chen, Hanping

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.05.019

Cited by 189 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…Increasing environmental and energy dependency concerns have been the motivation for the increased use of bioenergy as a substitute for fossil energy in both space heating and electricity generation. The development of biomass has been an important issue for the past several decades and would remain to be attractive in the future due to its clean, renewable, and carbon-neutral properties [1]. Energy and fuels are the critical links in the civilization and human development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Binders on EFB Bio-briquettes of Fuel Calorific Value

Handra¹,

Kasim²,

Gunawarman³

et al. 2018

International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology

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The development of biomass has been assumed as an important issue in the past several decades and would remain to be attractive in the future due to its clean, renewable, and carbon-neutral properties. Biomass is one of the most important renewable energy resources in the world. In recent decades, the utilization of biomass has dramatically increased. There were many reasons. First, biomass is a renewable resource, because of the availability of biomass is unlimited, and its regenerative process runs well. Second, the extraction of biomass energy can be carried out more flexible. The biomass can be burned directly without high technology. Biomass bio-briquettes are often used as an energy source for cooking purpose and in some industries. The bio-briquettes are produced by densification of waste biomass using various processes. In this, the study manual densification of bio-briquettes was tested by three different binding agents; cassava flour, sago flour, and starch flour. The objective of this study was to compare different binding materials in the production of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) bio-briquettes between binders. The binder is used as a mixture on the EFB fiber. Three types of the binder are cassava flour, sago flour and starch flour are used as comparators to obtain high heating value. The percentage of binder in each sample is 2%. The ratio of the use of water as a diluent between the fiber and the adhesive is 1: 5. Samples of solid cylindrical shape diameter 4 cm and 5 cm high and density sample is 0.8 g/cm3. The pressure is used to generate samples specified in the mold volume. The volume of the cylinder is 62.8 cm3. The adhesive cassava with a percentage of 2% can provide power to the sample mechanically by a drop test at the height of 1.20 m. The result shows that the binder cassava has fuel calorific value average is 3661 cal/g, a binder of starch 3584 cal/g and sago 3537 cal/g. Results indicated that sample binder cassava flour has calorific fuel value higher than sago and starch flour.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Binders on EFB Bio-briquettes of Fuel Calorific Value

Handra¹,

Kasim²,

Gunawarman³

et al. 2018

International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology

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“…Considered the OVP and CVP durability value, this value seems to be influenced mainly by the CVP pellet durability that is lower than the OVP one. In order to improve the pellet durability, the standards authorise the addition of small amounts (≤2%) of biological binding agents (Obernberger and Thek, 2004;Kaliyan and Morey, 2009;Hu et al, 2015). Moisture contained in the biomass also acts as a binding agent in the pelleting process.…”

Section: Physico-mechanical Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vineyard pruning residues pellets for use in domestic appliances: a quality assessment according to the EN ISO 17225

Zanetti¹,

Brandelet²,

Marini³

et al. 2017

J Agricult Engineer

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Nowadays many types of biomass are studied to satisfy the increased demand of renewable energy based on pellet combustion. However, only a few biomasses fulfil the high quality standard required for pellet used in domestic appliances. European and International standards in force define this quality of non-industrial use of pellets in term of the origin of biomass, physical, mechanical and chemical parameters. Vineyard residues are a worldwide potential source of energy but their compliance to be used in domestic pellet stoves has not been yet proven according to the new standards in force. In order to meet this need, this study makes an exhaustive characterisation of vineyard based pellets manufactured from residues of Prosecco (Glera variety) vineyards, assessing both the quality of biofuel and its behaviour during combustion in a domestic pellet stove. The quality of biofuel has been evaluated according to the in force standards for wood and non-woody pellets. The results show that vineyard pellets do not meet the type B quality standards required for non-industrial use of wood pellet mainly because of the high amount of ash content (>2%) and the high amount of copper (>10 ppm) but they fulfil the specifications of the type B non-woody pellets. Furthermore, during combustion test of vineyard-based pellet the high emission of CO indicates incomplete combustion; and vineyard-based pellet NOx emissions are more than double compared to those obtained during the control tests, confirming that the analysed vineyard-based pellets are unsuitable, as they are, for use in traditional pellet stoves.

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“…In TOP process, due to the fragile and abrasive particle structure, biomass may lose porous structure and surface area due to the mechanical compression and interlocking of particles with surrounding ones, which in turn impose resistance to mass transfer. 17 It is understandable that the char particles from TOP process become more densified and so the reactivity of densified particles may decrease due to the differences in the heating conditions on the surface and the internal zones. 18 Consequently, char produced by TAP process help to mitigate this effect on reactivity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Influence of torrefaction after densification on the fuel characteristics and the inherited gasification kinetics of Erianthus arundinaceus energy grass

Qadi

Kobayashi

Takeno

2019

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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In this study, a mixture of breeding lines of Erianthus arundinaceus energy grass was pretreated prior to gasification. Although biomass torrefaction and subsequent pelletizing of torrefied biomass (TOP process) have been studied in details, the torrefaction of pellets (TAP process) still in its infancy. Therefore, samples prepared by TAP, torrefaction‐only and pelletizing‐only were compared in terms of fuel characteristics and gasification kinetics. Results showed that the mass yield decreased with increasing torrefaction temperature, whereas the higher heating value (HHV) continued to increase with temperature, which can be seen in the evolution of O/C and H/C atomic ratios. Tradeoff between mass yield and HHV points to 250°C as the optimum torrefaction temperature, as mass yield above 76% could be achieved. TAP process was superior not only in terms of producing fuel with higher energy density, but also the gasification reactivity was higher than that of torrefied‐only or densified‐only samples, suggesting TAP is promising to be employed within the gasification process. Yet, conducting TAP under higher torrefaction temperatures may weaken the reactivity due to the more release of potassium during pyrolysis. Lastly, gasification kinetics data revealed that the pretreated samples exhibited slightly higher activation energy.

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Effects of binders on the properties of bio-char pellets

Cited by 189 publications

References 41 publications

Effect of Binders on EFB Bio-briquettes of Fuel Calorific Value

Effect of Binders on EFB Bio-briquettes of Fuel Calorific Value

Vineyard pruning residues pellets for use in domestic appliances: a quality assessment according to the EN ISO 17225

Influence of torrefaction after densification on the fuel characteristics and the inherited gasification kinetics of Erianthus arundinaceus energy grass

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