Effect of Binders on EFB Bio-briquettes of Fuel Calorific Value

Abstract

The development of biomass has been assumed as an important issue in the past several decades and would remain to be attractive in the future due to its clean, renewable, and carbon-neutral properties. Biomass is one of the most important renewable energy resources in the world. In recent decades, the utilization of biomass has dramatically increased. There were many reasons. First, biomass is a renewable resource, because of the availability of biomass is unlimited, and its regenerative process runs well. Second, the extraction of biomass energy can be carried out more flexible. The biomass can be burned directly without high technology. Biomass bio-briquettes are often used as an energy source for cooking purpose and in some industries. The bio-briquettes are produced by densification of waste biomass using various processes. In this, the study manual densification of bio-briquettes was tested by three different binding agents; cassava flour, sago flour, and starch flour. The objective of this study was to compare different binding materials in the production of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) bio-briquettes between binders. The binder is used as a mixture on the EFB fiber. Three types of the binder are cassava flour, sago flour and starch flour are used as comparators to obtain high heating value. The percentage of binder in each sample is 2%. The ratio of the use of water as a diluent between the fiber and the adhesive is 1: 5. Samples of solid cylindrical shape diameter 4 cm and 5 cm high and density sample is 0.8 g/cm3. The pressure is used to generate samples specified in the mold volume. The volume of the cylinder is 62.8 cm3. The adhesive cassava with a percentage of 2% can provide power to the sample mechanically by a drop test at the height of 1.20 m. The result shows that the binder cassava has fuel calorific value average is 3661 cal/g, a binder of starch 3584 cal/g and sago 3537 cal/g. Results indicated that sample binder cassava flour has calorific fuel value higher than sago and starch flour.

Influence of Binding Materials on the Main Quality Parameters of Biomass Pellets Produced from Corn Stover

“…Meanwhile, the lowest value recorded of 335 kJ kg -1 was obtained when no binder added to the raw material (B0). This result agrees with that reported by Handra et al, (2018) who found that samples with binders gave calorific value higher than that of the samples without binders. Additionally, the results shown in Table (1) indicated that there was a highly significant difference (P ≤ 0.001) in pellets energy between control pellets and those pellets prepared from different binding materials (B1, B2 or B3).…”

Briquettes Made of Branches Wood of Three Mangrove Species Bonded by Starch Adhesive

“…Small starch particles have a higher solubility and increase the water absorption capacity [53,54]. These results were in accordance with the works of Handra et al and Syarief et al [55,56], which showed that the moisture content of briquettes bonded by sago starch adhesive, having larger particle size (57.56 µm [57]), resulted in lower moisture content. Wood briquettes with low moisture content are classified as high quality because they have higher calorific value and are easy to ignite during combustion [58].…”

“…Syarief et al [55,56], which showed that the moisture content of briquettes bonded by sago starch adhesive, having larger particle size (57.56 μm [57]), resulted in lower moisture content. Wood briquettes with low moisture content are classified as high quality because they have higher calorific value and are easy to ignite during combustion [58].…”

An Overview on the Production of Bio-briquettes from Agricultural Wastes: Methods, Processes, and Quality

“…Among the advantages of bio-briquetting include creating a bond within the particles to form a solid fuel, decreasing the moisture content of the biomass, increasing the net caloric value per unit volume because of the removal of volatile matter, producing uniform size and quality fuel, ease transportation and storage, and help addresses residue disposal problem (Kaur et al, 2017;Gurdil & Demirel, 2018). Bio-briquettes are renewable, unlimited in resource, clean, cost-effective, and carbon-neutral energy because the Carbon dioxide (CO2) released from burning are reabsorbed by the plant (Shuma & Madyira, 2017;Handra et al, 2018;. Bio-briquette is both used in urban and rural areas for domestic (cooking, barbecuing) and industrial purposes (Maninder et al, 2012).…”