Effects of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> KN-42 on Growth Performance, Diarrhea and Faecal Bacterial Flora of Weaned Piglets

Abstract

This research focused on the effects of different doses of Bacillus subtilis KN-42 on the growth performance, diarrhea incidence, faecal bacterial flora, and the relative number of Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli in faeces of weaned piglets to determine whether the strain can serve as a candidate antimicrobial growth promoter. A total of 360 piglets (initial body weight 7.14±0.63 kg) weaned at 26±2 days of age were randomly allotted to 5 treatment groups (4 pens per treatment with 18 pigs per pen) for a 28-day trial. Dietary treatments were basal diet without any antimicrobial (negative control; NC), basal diet supplemented with 120 mg/kg feed of neomycin sulfate (positive control; PC) and basal diet supplemented with 2×109 (L), 4×109 (M) and 20×109 (H) CFU/kg feed of B. subtilis KN-42. During the overall period, average daily gain and feed efficiency of piglets were higher in groups PC, M, and H than those in group NC (p<0.05), and all probiotics and antibiotics groups had a lower diarrhea index than group NC (p<0.05). The 16S rDNA gene-based methods were used to analyze faecal bacterial flora on day 28 of experiment. The result of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis showed that supplementation of B. subtilis KN-42 to the diet changed the bacterial communities, with a higher bacterial diversity and band number in group M than in the other four groups. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the relative number of Lactobacillus were higher in groups PC and H than in group NC (p<0.05), and the supplemented B. subtilis KN-42 to the diet also reduced the relative number of E. coli (p<0.05). These results suggest that dietary addition of B. subtilis KN-42 can improve the growth performance and gastrointestinal health of piglets.

Effect of SuperYea and Mixture of SuperYea with Single, Double and Multi of Microbes on Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility in Growing Pigs

“…This result was similar to other studies [8,20,21]. But many studies in literature reported that prebiotic has clear stimulating effect [10,22,23] on weight gain and average daily gain.…”

“…The apparent fecal digestibility of dry matter and crude protein are not known whether the digestibility in ileum or fecal digestibility would be less with prebiotics or probiotic because there is more fecal biomass. Similar results of Li and Kim [23] showed significant improvement in digestibility of dry matter when weanling pigs were fed a corn-soybean meal diet supplemented with Aspergillus oryzae. Hu et al [23] reported that piglets fed a diet supplemented with complex probiotic had increased nutrient digestibility.…”

“…Similar results of Li and Kim [23] showed significant improvement in digestibility of dry matter when weanling pigs were fed a corn-soybean meal diet supplemented with Aspergillus oryzae. Hu et al [23] reported that piglets fed a diet supplemented with complex probiotic had increased nutrient digestibility. Burr et al [31] demonstrated that supplementation of prebiotic had significantly increased crude protein digestibility compared with the control diet in fish.…”

Effects of probiotics on growth performance, blood parameters, and antibody stimulation in piglets

“…They found that the prevalence of E. coli associated with pathogenic groups was lower with the use of probiotics. Hu et al (2014) also reported that probiotic supplementation on diet of weaned piglets reduced E. coli counts in fecal samples. From ileum samples counts, no significant difference was observed in all treatment groups, with an exception of P3 treatment group regarding cfu/mL of lactic acid bacteria, enteric bacteria and total bacteria.…”

Effect of dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis B10 on biochemical and molecular parameters in the serum and liver of high-fat diet-induced obese mice

“…Probiotics, which are defined as "live microorganisms that, when administrated in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host" (Araya et al, 2002), could modulate the intestinal flora and have some anti-oxidative and lipid-lowering abilities (Endo et al, 2013;Everard et al, 2014). Bacillus subtilis is an intestinal microorganism that may grow in the gut and consume oxygen to maintain an anaerobic environment for the prevention or therapy of gastrointestinal disorders (Hu et al, 2014). In addition, Bacillus subtilis is preferred due to its higher resistance to harsh environments and capacity for long-term storage at ambient temperature (Hong et al, 2005).…”