Effects of Age and Dysfunction on Human Meibomian Glands

Nien, Chyong Jy; Massei, Salina; Lin, Gloria; Nabavi, Cameron B.; Tao, Jeremiah; Brown, Donald J.; Paugh, Jerry R.; Jester, James V.

doi:10.1001/archophthalmol.2011.69

Cited by 137 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Recently, hyperkeratinisation of the epithelium at the lid margin and meibomian gland has been considered the principle mechanism of obstructive MGD, as indicated by an extensive body of literature 13 17–22. The various endogenous and exogenous factors causing hyperkeratinisation include age,17 18 topical eye drops,19 hormonal influences,20–22 and wearing contact lenses 13. We postulate that the mechanism by which meibomian glands are lost as a result of wearing prosthetic eyes is similar to that induced by wearing contact lenses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Meibomian gland dysfunction in longstanding prosthetic eye wearers

2013

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Meibomian gland dysfunction in longstanding prosthetic eye wearers

2013

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“…20,21 Siak et al 22 found no age differences in a population-based study performed in Singapore. It is conceiv-able that a genetic predisposition of Asians to MGD might determine the high prevalence rates across all age groups observed in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevalence of Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in the General Population of Spain

Viso

Rodríguez‐Ares²,

Abelenda³

et al. 2012

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

177

140

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PURPOSE.To describe epidemiologic characteristics of asymptomatic and symptomatic meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in a general adult population in northwestern Spain. METHODS.A total of 1155 subjects aged 40 years and older were selected by an age-stratified random sample procedure in O Salnés, Spain. A standardized symptoms questionnaire was administered and a comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation, which included ocular surface tests, was carried out. Absent, viscous, or waxy white secretion upon digital expression, lid margin telangiectasia or plugging of the meibomian gland orifices was considered evidence of MGD. The prevalence and associations of asymptomatic and symptomatic MGD, and their effects on the ocular surface, were investigated. ). This prevalence increased with age (P ¼ 0.000) and was higher in males than in females (P ¼ 0.003). The prevalence of symptomatic MGD was 8.6% (95% CI, 6.7-10.9). This prevalence also increased with age (P ¼ 0.000) but was not associated with sex. Abnormal tear breakup time and fluorescein staining prevalence estimates were higher among asymptomatic subjects. After controlling for age and sex, asymptomatic MGD was associated with diabetes (adjusted odds ratio [OR a ] 2.23) and cardiovascular disease (OR a 1.80), and symptomatic MGD with rosacea (OR a 3.50) and rheumatoid arthritis (OR a 16.50). RESULTS.CONCLUSIONS. Asymptomatic MGD is more common than symptomatic MGD. Symptomatology is not associated with secondary damage to the ocular surface. Some systemic diseases may lower whereas others may raise the risk of developing symptoms. Symptom-based approaches do not seem appropriate for MGD estimation. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.

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“…Modifications on MG structure have been identified with age as, an altered localization of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-ɣ (PPAR-ɣ), a lipid-activated hormone receptor that regulates lipid synthesis and cell differentiation [16,17] or MG atrophy [18]. In research on mouse model, some authors have found changes in the mucocutaneous junction and glandular atrophy through a loss of meibocyte progenitors [18].…”

Section: Aging and Lacrimal Discomfortmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Pathogenic Factors and Management of Dry Eye in Ocular Surface Disorders

Nebbioso¹,

Regno²,

Gharbiya³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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The alteration of the delicate balance that regulates the secretion and distribution of the tear film determines the dry eye (DE) syndrome, because the tear film represents the interface between the eye and the environment. Despite having a multifactorial origin, the main risk factors for the emergence of the ocular disease are female gender and advanced age. Peer-reviewed version available at Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18, 1764 doi:10.3390/ijms18081764 2 Likewise, morphological changes in several glands and in chemical composition of their secretions such as proteins, mucins, lipidics, aqueous tears, and salinity, are highly relevant factors to maintain a condition of good health of the ocular anterior segment. Another key factor of recurrence and onset of the disease is the presence of local and/or systemic infiammation that reflex on the ocular surface. However, it is one of the most commonly encountered disease in clinical practice and many other causes related to daily life and to lengthen the average life will contribute to the beginning. This review will consider how and what disorders of the ocular surface are responsible for a widespread pathology so. In the end, the most appropriate and new therapies will be briefly exposed according to the specific pathology.

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Effects of Age and Dysfunction on Human Meibomian Glands

Cited by 137 publications

References 45 publications

Meibomian gland dysfunction in longstanding prosthetic eye wearers

Meibomian gland dysfunction in longstanding prosthetic eye wearers

Prevalence of Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in the General Population of Spain

Analysis of the Pathogenic Factors and Management of Dry Eye in Ocular Surface Disorders

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