Prevalence of Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in the General Population of Spain

Viso, Eloy; Rodríguez‐Ares, María Teresa; Abelenda, Dolores; Oubiña, Benjamín; Gudé, Francisco

doi:10.1167/iovs.11-9228

Cited by 177 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This is supported by previous work that examined the relationship between Schirmer's score and symptoms, 27,28 and by a recent article that showed that many patients with objective meibomian gland dysfunction were asymptomatic. 29 This finding is problematic given that the main source of morbidity in DES is the symptomatology. DES symptoms, which include irritation, foreign body sensation, and pain, interfere with the ability to work and carry out daily functions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Surface Parameters in Older Male Veterans

Galor

Feuer

Lee³

et al. 2013

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. To characterize ocular surface discomfort and tear film parameters in a veteran population.METHODS. Male patients seen in the Miami Veterans Affairs eye clinic aged 50 years or older were recruited to participate in the study. All patients had normal eyelid, corneal, and conjunctival anatomy. Patients filled out the Dry Eye Questionnaire 5 (DEQ5) and underwent measurement of tear film parameters. The main outcome measures were the frequency of ocular surface symptoms and the correlation between symptoms and global, aqueous, and meibomian gland parameters. RESULTS.A total of 263 men participated in the study; 48% had DES based on the presence of severe symptoms. Many men had objective abnormalities in tear function measurements. Using Schirmer information, lid plugging, and meibomian quality to define objective DES, 176 patients (68%) had one or more abnormalities. Of these, 22 (8%) had aqueous tear deficiency, 124 (47%) lipid tear deficiency, and 30 (11%) a mixed pattern. When examining associations between individual clinical parameters and DEQ5 score, the only significant, but weak, correlations were with the global parameters conjunctival and corneal staining (r ¼ 0.16) and TBUT (r ¼ À0.15). Neither specific aqueous nor meibomian gland measurements were significantly correlated with the presence of symptoms. When considering all measured parameters in a regression model, 8% of the variability in symptoms was explained by the tear parameters.CONCLUSIONS. We found that ocular surface symptoms were prevalent in our population. Measurement of standard tear film parameters could not explain the degree of symptoms. This study highlights the need for future research regarding the mechanisms behind ocular surface discomfort in patients with tear film disturbances. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Surface Parameters in Older Male Veterans

Galor

Feuer

Lee³

et al. 2013

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…29 On the other hand, patients may experience symptoms of dry eye in the absence of any clinical signs. 38 The disagreement between symptoms and signs may be an additional support for the use of TFO measurements to determine the severity of dry eye. Neves Mendes et al 39 conducted a case-controlled study to evaluate ocular surface changes in posttrabeculectomy patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of chronic anti-glaucoma medications and trabeculectomy on tear osmolarity

Lee

Wong

Chua

et al. 2013

Eye

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Purpose To evaluate the tear film osmolarity (TFO) and ocular surface clinical signs and symptoms in chronically medicated glaucoma patients and post-trabeculectomy patients. Methods This is a single-center, prospective case-controlled study. One-hundred and thirty eyes of 130 participants aged Z45 years were included (49 normal controls, 50 glaucoma patients on chronic preserved antiglaucoma medication Z6 months, and 31 post-trabeculectomy patients not on medication Z6 months). TFO, tear break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer's test I and dry eye symptoms were evaluated. Data from both groups of glaucoma patients were compared with age and sex-matched controls. Logistic regression was performed to calculate the odds ratios. Results Mean TFO in the three groups were 301.4 ± 7.7, 307.0 ± 9.3, and 307.4 ± 11.6 mOsm/l, respectively. Compared with normal controls, chronically medicated glaucoma patients and post-trabeculectomy patients were more likely to have a raised TFO, with odds ratios (95% CI) of 4.43 (1.74-11.32) and 2.76 (1.02-7.94), respectively. Both groups of glaucoma patients were also more likely to experience dry eye symptoms, with ORs of 4.72 (1.92-11.59) and 4.24 (1.54-11.72). There was no significant difference in TFO and symptoms between both groups of glaucoma patients, and in TBUT and Schirmer's test across all three groups. Conclusions Patients on chronic topical antiglaucoma medication and posttrabeculectomy patients were more likely to have raised TFO and dry eye symptoms, suggesting significant ocular surface disease. Glaucoma practitioners should be aware that dry eye symptoms and raised TFO may occur in the absence of TBUT and Schirmer's test abnormality.

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“…En un estudio realizado España con una población mayor de 40 años, se encontró una prevalencia del 11%; lo que viene a ser en términos numéricos, cinco millones de españoles (4). A nivel mundial los datos de prevalencia no están del todo claros, dependen de la definición de ojo seco usada, de la distribución geográfica donde se evalúe y del rango de edad de la población analizada (4,6).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Los datos de prevalencia son preocupantes, con el agravante de que se estima que existen treinta y tres millones de adultos sin diagnosticar en el mundo (4). En el ámbito de la salud pública es una patología incapacitante, con un impacto significativo en cuanto a calidad de vida se refiere.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estudio observacional del ojo seco en una farmacia comunitaria

Estévez¹,

Suances²

2015

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RESUMENIntroducción: El síndrome de ojo seco (SOS) afecta a cinco millones de personas en España y a sesenta millones en todo el mundo, acarreando importantes costes y afectando a actividades diversas. Puede ser de tipo acuodeficiente o evaporativo y el diagnóstico se lleva a cabo según la percepción del paciente, seguida de pruebas objetivas. No tiene curación y el tratamiento va siempre enfocado a paliar los síntomas.Objetivos: Conocer la prevalencia del SOS en A Gudiña (Ourense). Además, se determinó en qué grado la falta de adherencia afecta al tratamiento con lágrimas artificiales (LA); así como la asociación entre el SOS y ciertas variables analizadas.Material y métodos: Durante los siete meses de duración del estudio, se seleccionó una muestra final de 51 pacientes de SOS. Los datos se recogieron cumplimentando una hoja de registro diseñada ad hoc.Resultados: La prevalencia de SOS en A Gudiña es relativamente baja (4,3%). La media de edad es de 66 años, afectando mayoritariamente a mujeres. Se detectó una falta de adherencia al tratamiento con LA. Todas las variables analizadas mostraron asociación con la enfermedad.Conclusiones: La prevalencia de síndrome de ojo seco en A Gudiña es ligeramente menor que la encontrada en la literatura. La exclusión de las LA del seguro médico es la causa principal de la falta de adherencia a los tratamientos. De los antecedentes patológicos valorados en este estudio, la cirugía ocular es el que más afecta en el desarrollo del SOS. Observational study of dry eye in community pharmacy ABSTRACTIntroduction: Dry Eye Disease (DED) is a multifactorial symdrom. It affects five million people in Spain and sixty million persons around the world, carrying significant costs and affecting different activities. DED can be aqueous-deficient or evaporative and diagnosis is performed according to the patient's symptoms, followed by objective tests. It is a chronic disease; therefore, treatment is always focused on alleviating symptoms.Objectives: The main purpose of this study was to set DED prevalence in A Gudiña (a municipality in the province of Ourense). Additionally, it was determined to what extent it is affected by the lack of adherence to the treatment with artificial tears (AT) and the association between DED and certain variables analyzed.Materials and methods: During the seven months of the study, a final sample of 51 DED patients was selected. Data were collected by completing a registration form designed ad hoc.Results: DED prevalence in A Gudiña is relatively low (4.25%). The average age being 66, it was proved to affect mostly women. A lack of adherence to the treatment with AT was reported. All variables analyzed showed association with the disease.Conclusions: DED prevalence in A Gudiña is lower than that found in the literature. The exclusion of AT from health insurance is the main cause of low adherence to treatment. From the set of the medical variables analyzed, eye surgery is the main source of DED development. PALABRAS CLAVESíndrome de ojo seco, farmacia comunitari...

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Prevalence of Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in the General Population of Spain

Cited by 177 publications

References 34 publications

Ocular Surface Parameters in Older Male Veterans

Ocular Surface Parameters in Older Male Veterans

Effect of chronic anti-glaucoma medications and trabeculectomy on tear osmolarity

Estudio observacional del ojo seco en una farmacia comunitaria

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