Effects of acetone on methyl ethyl ketone peroxide runaway reaction

Modeling solid thermal explosion containment on reactor HNIW and HMX

“…Formal models can explain complex multi-stage reactions that may consist of several independent, parallel and consecutive stages, as is illustrated by the following pattern [2][3][4][5][6].…”

“…1-4 and Table 1. DSC experimental data were processed and then the kinetics was evaluated by applying simulation [2][3][4][5][6]. …”

“…Because this is an important practical aspect of reactive hazard assessment, we did a thermal analysis of 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) [1], applying thermal safety software (TSS) in various scanning rates (1, 2, 4, and 10 • C min −1 ) for kinetics evaluation [2][3][4][5][6], and then to simulate thermal explosion of a 437 L HMX's final product of barrel reactor and a 24 kg cubic box package [6][7][8][9][10].…”

“…This approach was to develop a precise and effective procedure on thermal decomposition and explosion properties, such as heat of decomposition ( H d ), activation energy (E a ), isothermal time to maximum rate (TMR iso ), total energy release (TER), time to conversion limit (TCL), self-accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT), control temperature (CT), emergency temperature (ET), and critical temperature (T CR ), etc. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] for reactor containing HNIW and HMX.…”

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a b s t r a c t 2,4,6,8,10,4,6,8,10,, also known as CL-20 and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), are highly energetic materials which have been popular in national defense industries for years. This study established the models of thermal decomposition and thermal explosion hazard for HNIW and HMX.

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